Merge pull request 'fix: complete issues #201-#206 remediation' (#208) from feat/triage-complete into dev

Reviewed-on: #208

.gitea/workflows/ci.yaml

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ name: CI
 
 on:
   push:
-    branches: [main]
+    branches: [main, dev]
   pull_request:
 
 jobs:
@@ -73,6 +73,13 @@ jobs:
       - name: Build fuzz targets
         run: cmake --build build-fuzz -j$(nproc)
 
+      - name: Smoke fuzz targets
+        run: |
+          for target in build-fuzz/fuzz_*; do
+            [ -x "$target" ] || continue
+            timeout 10s "$target" -runs=100 -max_total_time=5
+          done
+
   coverage:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     container: gitea.tap-tap.win/taptap/fastsync-ci:v9

README.md

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ A high-performance file synchronization system with SSH and TCP transport, TLS e
 5. **Multithreading**: producer-consumer pipeline with thread-safe queues (scanner → loader → sender)
 6. **Incremental sync**: skip files unchanged since last transfer (compares size + mtime)
 7. **Batch incremental**: send incremental checks in batched groups for reduced round-trips
-8. **Metadata preservation**: `mode`, `uid`, `gid`, `mtime` restored on disk when enabled
+8. **Metadata preservation**: file mode and mtime are restored when enabled; ownership and atime are intentionally not restored
 9. **`sendfile()` zero-copy** on TCP (~2× faster on loopback)
 10. **SSH ControlMaster** for connection reuse across repeated invocations
 11. **Bandwidth limiting**: token-bucket throttling (`--bwlimit`)
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ A high-performance file synchronization system with SSH and TCP transport, TLS e
 | `STATUS_NEXT` | Ready for next file (per-file mode) |
 | `STATUS_CHUNK` | Following data is a serialized chunk |
 | `STATUS_MANIFEST` | Following data is a file manifest (for `--delete`) |
-| `STATUS_CHECK` | Incremental check: client sends file path + size + mtime, server responds with OK (skip) or NEXT (send) |
+| `STATUS_CHECK` | Incremental check: client sends file path + size + mtime and, when negotiated, checksum; server responds with OK (skip) or NEXT (send) |
 | `STATUS_CHECK_BATCH` | Batch incremental check: multiple file checks sent in one message |
 | `STATUS_KEEPALIVE` | Keep-alive heartbeat to detect stalled connections |
 | `STATUS_ABORT` | Abort signal: client interrupts, server cleans up and exits |
@@ -95,7 +95,9 @@ Abort (`STATUS_ABORT`) may be sent at any point. On receipt the server cleans up
 
 ### Protocol Version
 
-`1.3.0` — server and client must match. Mismatch results in `STATUS_ERROR`.
+`2.2.0` — server and client must match. This version adds a 64-bit XXH64 checksum to checksum-enabled `STATUS_CHECK` messages and validates the negotiated compression choice (`zstd` or `none`). Older clients and servers must not be mixed with this version; mismatch results in `STATUS_ERROR`.
+
+Config negotiation is sender-driven: the client serializes transfer options and the server applies them while receiving and writing files. `--checksum` compares size and content checksum instead of timestamps. `--compress-choice zstd` enables zstd; `none` disables it. Unsupported choices are rejected during config exchange.
 
 ## Command-Line Arguments
 
@@ -110,7 +112,7 @@ Abort (`STATUS_ABORT`) may be sent at any point. On receipt the server cleans up
 | `-m` | Multithreading mode |
 | `-s` | Chunk serialization (batch all files per chunk) |
 | `-f, --sendfile` | Sendfile zero-copy. Incompatible with `-c` / `-s`. TCP only. |
-| `-M, --preserve` | Preserve file metadata (mode, uid, gid, mtime) |
+| `-M, --preserve` | Preserve supported file metadata (mode and mtime; ownership and atime are unsupported) |
 | `-n, --dry-run` | Scan and print what would be transferred |
 | `-p <port>` | SSH port (default: 22) |
 | `-v, --verbose` | Enable debug logging |
@@ -176,7 +178,7 @@ Abort (`STATUS_ABORT`) may be sent at any point. On receipt the server cleans up
 ### Data Structures
 1. **Chunk** — collection of files (~10 MB total by default)
 2. **File** — path, content (`Data`), optional `FileMetadata` pointer
-3. **FileMetadata** — `mode`, `uid`, `gid`, `mtime_sec`, `mtime_nsec`
+3. **FileMetadata** — `mode`, `uid`, `gid`, `mtime_sec`, `mtime_nsec`; uid/gid are advisory wire fields and are never applied by the receiver; atime is unsupported
 4. **Config** — runtime parameters (transported over wire, TLS settings excluded). Includes `timeout`, `contimeout`, `quiet`, `backup`, `backup_dir`, `stats`, `max_depth`, `log_file`, `queue_size`.
 5. **Queue** — thread-safe bounded queue with condition variables
 6. **DirectoryScanner** — recursive BFS traversal with exclude and include pattern support, max-depth enforcement
@@ -186,7 +188,7 @@ Abort (`STATUS_ABORT`) may be sent at any point. On receipt the server cleans up
 2. **Chunking** — files accumulated until `chunk_size` threshold, then flushed
 3. **Compression** — streaming zstd via `ZSTD_compressStream2` / `ZSTD_decompressStream`
 4. **Network protocol** — status-code-driven exchange with metadata packing, keep-alive, and abort support
-5. **Incremental check** — client sends `STATUS_CHECK` + path + size + mtime; server compares against destination. Can be batched via `STATUS_CHECK_BATCH` for reduced round-trips.
+5. **Incremental check** — client sends `STATUS_CHECK` + path + size + mtime and, with `--checksum`, XXH64 content checksum; server compares against destination. Can be batched via `STATUS_CHECK_BATCH` for reduced round-trips.
 6. **Bandwidth limiting** — token-bucket algorithm with `nanosleep` throttling on 64 KB write chunks
 7. **Metadata restoration** — `chmod()`, `chown()`, `utimensat()` on the receiving side
 8. **`--delete`** — sender tracks all sent paths; receiver walks destination tree and removes unlisted files/directories

src/client/client_cli.c

@@ -440,6 +440,14 @@ int parse_args(Config* config, int argc, char* argv[], int* positional_args,
     } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "--compress-choice") == 0 && i + 1 < argc) {
       if (set_string_option(&config->compress_choice, argv[++i], "--compress-choice") != 0)
         return -1;
+      if (strcmp(config->compress_choice, "zstd") == 0)
+        config->use_compression = true;
+      else if (strcmp(config->compress_choice, "none") == 0)
+        config->use_compression = false;
+      else {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Error: --compress-choice must be 'zstd' or 'none'\n");
+        return -1;
+      }
     } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "--compress-level") == 0 && i + 1 < argc) {
       if (set_positive_int_option(&config->compression_level, argv[++i], "--compress-level") != 0)
         return -1;
@@ -497,6 +505,12 @@ static bool validate_config(const Config* config) {
     fprintf(stderr, "Error: --delta cannot be combined with -f (sendfile)\n");
     return false;
   }
+  if (config->append || config->append_verify) {
+    fprintf(
+        stderr,
+        "Error: --append and --append-verify are not supported yet; refusing to ignore option\n");
+    return false;
+  }
   if (config->use_tls) {
     if (!config->tls_cert || !config->tls_key) {
       fprintf(stderr, "Error: --tls requires --cert and --key\n");

src/client/client_send.c

@@ -28,6 +28,20 @@
 /* Forward declaration for progress-reporting thread used in multithreaded send. */
 static int progress_thread_fn(void* arg);
 
+static void pipeline_cancel(PipelineContextSender* context) {
+  mtx_lock(&context->mutex_scanner);
+  mtx_lock(&context->mutex_loader);
+  atomic_store(&context->cancelled, true);
+  context->scanner_done = true;
+  context->loader_done = true;
+  cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_full_scanner);
+  cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_empty_scanner);
+  cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_full_loader);
+  cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_empty_loader);
+  mtx_unlock(&context->mutex_loader);
+  mtx_unlock(&context->mutex_scanner);
+}
+
 /* Print dry-run manifest showing files that would be transferred. Returns 0 on success. */
 static int send_dry_run_manifest(Config* config) {
   DirectoryScanner* scanner = directory_scanner_create(
@@ -67,7 +81,8 @@ static int send_delete_manifest(int fd, ArrayList* manifest) {
   return 0;
 }
 
-static int incremental_check(Client* client, File* file, DeltaSignature** out_sig) {
+static int incremental_check(Client* client, File* file, const Config* config,
+                             DeltaSignature** out_sig) {
   *out_sig = NULL;
   if (!send_status(client->file_descriptor, STATUS_CHECK))
     return -1;
@@ -79,6 +94,12 @@ static int incremental_check(Client* client, File* file, DeltaSignature** out_si
     return -1;
   if (!send_n_data(client->file_descriptor, &mtime, sizeof(mtime)))
     return -1;
+  if (config->checksum) {
+    uint64_t checksum;
+    if (!file_checksum(file, &checksum) ||
+        !send_n_data(client->file_descriptor, &checksum, sizeof(checksum)))
+      return -1;
+  }
   Status s;
   if (!receive_status(client->file_descriptor, &s))
     return -1;
@@ -176,7 +197,7 @@ static int send_single_file(Client* client, File* file, Config* config, bool use
   // Incremental path: use sendfile for the actual data if enabled and no compression
   if (use_sendfile) {
     DeltaSignature* sig = NULL;
-    int rc = incremental_check(client, file, &sig);
+    int rc = incremental_check(client, file, config, &sig);
     if (rc == 1) {
       delta_signature_destroy(sig);
       return 1;
@@ -202,7 +223,7 @@ static int send_single_file(Client* client, File* file, Config* config, bool use
   // Incremental path with single_calls (supports compression and delta)
   file_send_fn send_fn = (file_send_fn)file_send_single_calls;
   DeltaSignature* sig = NULL;
-  int rc = incremental_check(client, file, &sig);
+  int rc = incremental_check(client, file, config, &sig);
   if (rc < 0) {
     delta_signature_destroy(sig);
     return -1;
@@ -337,6 +358,7 @@ static int send_chunks_multithreaded(void* pipeline_context) {
       return ok ? thrd_success : thrd_error;
 
     send_fail:
+      pipeline_cancel(context);
       client_disconnect(client);
       client_delete(client);
       mtx_lock(&context->mutex_progress);
@@ -347,6 +369,7 @@ static int send_chunks_multithreaded(void* pipeline_context) {
     if (send_chunk(client, current_chunk, context->config) != 0) {
       fprintf(stderr, "Error: unexpected error while sending chunk\n");
       chunk_destroy(current_chunk);
+      pipeline_cancel(context);
       client_disconnect(client);
       client_delete(client);
       mtx_lock(&context->mutex_progress);
@@ -379,6 +402,11 @@ static int scan_directory_multithreaded(void* pipeline_context) {
       context->config->checksum);
 
   Chunk* current_chunk;
+  if (scanner == NULL) {
+    log_message(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, "Failed to create parallel scanner");
+    pipeline_cancel(context);
+    return thrd_error;
+  }
   while ((current_chunk = parallel_scanner_next(scanner)) != NULL) {
     if (context->config->use_delete) {
       mtx_lock(&context->mutex_scanner);
@@ -390,13 +418,18 @@ static int scan_directory_multithreaded(void* pipeline_context) {
         if (!manifest_entry) {
           log_message(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, "Failed to allocate manifest entry");
           mtx_unlock(&context->mutex_scanner);
-          context->cancelled = true;
-          cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_full_scanner);
-          cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_empty_scanner);
+          pipeline_cancel(context);
+          parallel_scanner_destroy(scanner);
+          return thrd_error;
+        }
+        if (!array_list_add(context->manifest, manifest_entry)) {
+          free(manifest_entry);
+          mtx_unlock(&context->mutex_scanner);
+          pipeline_cancel(context);
+          chunk_destroy(current_chunk);
           parallel_scanner_destroy(scanner);
           return thrd_error;
         }
-        array_list_add(context->manifest, manifest_entry);
       }
       mtx_unlock(&context->mutex_scanner);
     }
@@ -405,13 +438,21 @@ static int scan_directory_multithreaded(void* pipeline_context) {
             &context->condition_not_empty_scanner, &context->condition_not_full_scanner,
             &context->cancelled)) {
       chunk_destroy(current_chunk);
-      context->cancelled = true;
-      cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_full_scanner);
-      cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_empty_scanner);
+      pipeline_cancel(context);
       parallel_scanner_destroy(scanner);
       return thrd_error;
     }
   }
+  if (parallel_scanner_failed(scanner)) {
+    parallel_scanner_destroy(scanner);
+    mtx_lock(&context->mutex_scanner);
+    context->scanner_done = true;
+    cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_empty_scanner);
+    cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_full_scanner);
+    mtx_unlock(&context->mutex_scanner);
+    pipeline_cancel(context);
+    return thrd_error;
+  }
   mtx_lock(&context->mutex_scanner);
   context->scanner_done = true;
   cnd_signal(&context->condition_not_empty_scanner);
@@ -451,7 +492,7 @@ static int load_files_multithreaded(void* pipeline_context) {
                                             &context->condition_not_full_loader,
                                             &context->cancelled)) {
       chunk_destroy(chunk);
-      context->cancelled = true;
+      atomic_store(&context->cancelled, true);
       cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_full_loader);
       cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_empty_loader);
       return thrd_error;
@@ -547,6 +588,15 @@ int send_files(Config* config) {
   time_t last_progress = 0;
   time_t start = time(NULL);
   ArrayList* manifest = config->use_delete ? array_list_create(free) : NULL;
+  if (!scanner || (config->use_delete && !manifest)) {
+    if (scanner)
+      directory_scanner_destroy(scanner);
+    if (manifest)
+      array_list_delete(manifest);
+    client_disconnect(client);
+    client_delete(client);
+    return 1;
+  }
   while ((current_chunk = directory_scanner_next(scanner)) != NULL) {
     unsigned long long chunk_bytes = 0;
     for (int i = 0; i < current_chunk->element_count; i++) {
@@ -566,7 +616,15 @@ int send_files(Config* config) {
           client_delete(client);
           return 1;
         }
-        array_list_add(manifest, manifest_entry);
+        if (!array_list_add(manifest, manifest_entry)) {
+          free(manifest_entry);
+          chunk_destroy(current_chunk);
+          array_list_delete(manifest);
+          directory_scanner_destroy(scanner);
+          client_disconnect(client);
+          client_delete(client);
+          return 1;
+        }
       }
     }
     if (!config->use_sendfile) {
@@ -583,6 +641,9 @@ int send_files(Config* config) {
     if (send_chunk(client, current_chunk, config) != 0) {
       log_message(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, "Failed to send chunk");
       chunk_destroy(current_chunk);
+      if (manifest)
+        array_list_delete(manifest);
+      manifest = NULL;
       break;
     }
     if (config->show_progress) {
@@ -598,12 +659,15 @@ int send_files(Config* config) {
     }
     chunk_destroy(current_chunk);
   }
+  if (directory_scanner_failed(scanner) || (config->use_delete && manifest == NULL))
+    goto send_fail;
   if (config->use_delete) {
     if (send_delete_manifest(client->file_descriptor, manifest) != 0) {
       array_list_delete(manifest);
       goto send_fail;
     }
     array_list_delete(manifest);
+    manifest = NULL;
   }
   if (!send_status(client->file_descriptor, STATUS_FINISHED))
     goto send_fail;
@@ -625,6 +689,8 @@ int send_files(Config* config) {
   return ok ? 0 : 1;
 
 send_fail:
+  if (manifest)
+    array_list_delete(manifest);
   directory_scanner_destroy(scanner);
   client_disconnect(client);
   client_delete(client);
@@ -678,14 +744,10 @@ int send_files_multithreaded(Config* config) {
 
   if (!scanner_created || !loader_created || !sender_created) {
     perror("Error creating threads.\n");
-    context->cancelled = true;
-    context->scanner_done = true;
-    context->loader_done = true;
+    pipeline_cancel(context);
+    mtx_lock(&context->mutex_progress);
     context->sender_done = true;
-    cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_full_scanner);
-    cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_empty_scanner);
-    cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_full_loader);
-    cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_empty_loader);
+    mtx_unlock(&context->mutex_progress);
     if (sender_created)
       thrd_join(sender, NULL);
     if (loader_created)

src/client/scanner.c

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <threads.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
+#include <limits.h>
 
 typedef struct {
   char* path;
@@ -38,6 +39,19 @@ static DirEntry* dir_entry_create(const char* path, int depth) {
   return de;
 }
 
+static bool safe_relative_link(const char* source_root, const char* containing_dir,
+                               const char* link_target) {
+  char root[PATH_MAX];
+  if (!realpath(source_root, root))
+    return false;
+  char* joined = path_cat(containing_dir, link_target);
+  char resolved[PATH_MAX];
+  bool safe = joined && realpath(joined, resolved) && strncmp(root, resolved, strlen(root)) == 0 &&
+              (resolved[strlen(root)] == '\0' || resolved[strlen(root)] == '/');
+  free(joined);
+  return safe;
+}
+
 DirectoryScanner* directory_scanner_create(const char* root_directory, bool use_metadata,
                                            unsigned long long chunk_size, char** exclude_patterns,
                                            int exclude_count, char** include_patterns,
@@ -45,10 +59,14 @@ DirectoryScanner* directory_scanner_create(const char* root_directory, bool use_
                                            unsigned long long min_size, int max_depth,
                                            bool follow_symlinks, bool copy_links, bool safe_links,
                                            bool copy_unsafe_links, bool checksum) {
-  DirectoryScanner* scanner = malloc(sizeof(DirectoryScanner));
+  DirectoryScanner* scanner = calloc(1, sizeof(DirectoryScanner));
   if (scanner == NULL)
     return NULL;
   scanner->directories = queue_create(100, dir_entry_destroy);
+  if (!scanner->directories) {
+    free(scanner);
+    return NULL;
+  }
   scanner->current_dir = NULL;
   scanner->current_path = NULL;
   scanner->use_metadata = use_metadata;
@@ -66,6 +84,7 @@ DirectoryScanner* directory_scanner_create(const char* root_directory, bool use_
   scanner->safe_links = safe_links;
   scanner->copy_unsafe_links = copy_unsafe_links;
   scanner->checksum = checksum;
+  scanner->failed = false;
   DirEntry* root = dir_entry_create(root_directory, 0);
   if (!root) {
     queue_destroy(scanner->directories);
@@ -95,8 +114,12 @@ void directory_scanner_destroy(DirectoryScanner* scanner) {
 
 static Chunk* chunk_data_to_chunk(ArrayList* chunk_data) {
   void** chunk_items = array_list_to_array(chunk_data);
+  if (!chunk_items)
+    return NULL;
   Chunk* chunk = chunk_create((File**)chunk_items, chunk_data->size);
   free(chunk_items);
+  if (!chunk)
+    return NULL;
   chunk_data->item_destroyer = NULL;
   array_list_delete(chunk_data);
   return chunk;
@@ -121,6 +144,7 @@ static int open_next_directory(DirectoryScanner* scanner) {
     perror("Could not open directory");
     free(scanner->current_path);
     scanner->current_path = NULL;
+    scanner->failed = true;
     return -1;
   }
   return 1;
@@ -128,6 +152,10 @@ static int open_next_directory(DirectoryScanner* scanner) {
 
 Chunk* directory_scanner_next(DirectoryScanner* scanner) {
   ArrayList* chunk_data = array_list_create(file_destroy);
+  if (!chunk_data) {
+    scanner->failed = true;
+    return NULL;
+  }
   unsigned long long chunk_data_size = 0;
 
   while (1) {
@@ -136,7 +164,7 @@ Chunk* directory_scanner_next(DirectoryScanner* scanner) {
       if (ret == 0)
         break;
       if (ret < 0)
-        continue;
+        break;
     }
 
     struct dirent* entry = readdir(scanner->current_dir);
@@ -152,6 +180,10 @@ Chunk* directory_scanner_next(DirectoryScanner* scanner) {
       continue;
 
     char* cur_path = path_cat(scanner->current_path, entry->d_name);
+    if (!cur_path) {
+      scanner->failed = true;
+      break;
+    }
     struct stat stats;
     struct stat lstats;
     bool is_symlink = false;
@@ -175,7 +207,8 @@ Chunk* directory_scanner_next(DirectoryScanner* scanner) {
         continue;
       }
       link_target[len] = '\0';
-      if (link_target[0] == '/') {
+      if (link_target[0] == '/' ||
+          !safe_relative_link(scanner->current_path, scanner->current_path, link_target)) {
         free(cur_path);
         continue;
       }
@@ -210,8 +243,10 @@ Chunk* directory_scanner_next(DirectoryScanner* scanner) {
       int next_depth = scanner->current_depth + 1;
       if (scanner->max_depth <= 0 || next_depth < scanner->max_depth) {
         DirEntry* de = dir_entry_create(cur_path, next_depth);
-        if (!queue_enqueue(scanner->directories, de))
+        if (!de || !queue_enqueue(scanner->directories, de)) {
           dir_entry_destroy(de);
+          scanner->failed = true;
+        }
       }
       free(cur_path);
     } else {
@@ -254,27 +289,49 @@ Chunk* directory_scanner_next(DirectoryScanner* scanner) {
       File* file = file_create(cur_path);
       if (file == NULL) {
         free(cur_path);
+        scanner->failed = true;
         continue;
       }
       file->data->size = stats.st_size;
       if (scanner->use_metadata)
         file->metadata = file_metadata_create(&stats);
-      array_list_add(chunk_data, file);
+      if (scanner->use_metadata && !file->metadata) {
+        file_destroy(file);
+        free(cur_path);
+        scanner->failed = true;
+        break;
+      }
+      if (!array_list_add(chunk_data, file)) {
+        file_destroy(file);
+        scanner->failed = true;
+        break;
+      }
       chunk_data_size += file->data->size;
       if (chunk_data_size > scanner->chunk_size) {
         free(cur_path);
-        return chunk_data_to_chunk(chunk_data);
+        Chunk* result = chunk_data_to_chunk(chunk_data);
+        if (!result)
+          scanner->failed = true;
+        return result;
       }
       free(cur_path);
     }
   }
 
-  if (chunk_data->size > 0)
-    return chunk_data_to_chunk(chunk_data);
+  if (chunk_data->size > 0) {
+    Chunk* result = chunk_data_to_chunk(chunk_data);
+    if (!result)
+      scanner->failed = true;
+    return result;
+  }
   array_list_delete(chunk_data);
   return NULL;
 }
 
+bool directory_scanner_failed(const DirectoryScanner* scanner) {
+  return scanner == NULL || scanner->failed;
+}
+
 typedef struct {
   ParallelScanner* ps;
   char** dirs;
@@ -302,10 +359,31 @@ static int parallel_worker_thread(void* arg) {
         wa->dirs[i], wa->use_metadata, wa->chunk_size, wa->exclude_patterns, wa->exclude_count,
         wa->include_patterns, wa->include_count, wa->max_size, wa->min_size, wa->max_depth,
         wa->follow_symlinks, wa->copy_links, wa->safe_links, wa->copy_unsafe_links, wa->checksum);
+    if (!ds) {
+      mtx_lock(&wa->ps->result_mutex);
+      wa->ps->failed = true;
+      atomic_store(&wa->ps->cancelled, true);
+      cnd_broadcast(&wa->ps->result_not_empty);
+      cnd_broadcast(&wa->ps->result_not_full);
+      mtx_unlock(&wa->ps->result_mutex);
+      break;
+    }
     Chunk* chunk;
     while ((chunk = directory_scanner_next(ds)) != NULL) {
-      queue_enqueue_multithreaded(wa->ps->result_queue, chunk, &wa->ps->result_mutex,
-                                  &wa->ps->result_not_empty, &wa->ps->result_not_full);
+      if (!queue_enqueue_multithreaded_cancel(wa->ps->result_queue, chunk, &wa->ps->result_mutex,
+                                              &wa->ps->result_not_empty, &wa->ps->result_not_full,
+                                              &wa->ps->cancelled)) {
+        chunk_destroy(chunk);
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    if (directory_scanner_failed(ds)) {
+      mtx_lock(&wa->ps->result_mutex);
+      wa->ps->failed = true;
+      atomic_store(&wa->ps->cancelled, true);
+      cnd_broadcast(&wa->ps->result_not_empty);
+      cnd_broadcast(&wa->ps->result_not_full);
+      mtx_unlock(&wa->ps->result_mutex);
     }
     directory_scanner_destroy(ds);
     free(wa->dirs[i]);
@@ -315,7 +393,7 @@ static int parallel_worker_thread(void* arg) {
   free(wa);
   mtx_lock(&ps->result_mutex);
   ps->completed++;
-  if (ps->completed >= ps->num_threads) {
+  if (ps->completed >= ps->expected_threads) {
     ps->done = true;
     cnd_signal(&ps->result_not_empty);
   }
@@ -338,6 +416,7 @@ ParallelScanner* parallel_scanner_create(char* root_directory, bool use_metadata
     free(ps);
     return NULL;
   }
+  atomic_init(&ps->cancelled, false);
   int init = 0;
   bool ok = true;
   if (mtx_init(&ps->result_mutex, mtx_plain) != thrd_success)
@@ -374,6 +453,13 @@ ParallelScanner* parallel_scanner_create(char* root_directory, bool use_metadata
 
   ArrayList* root_files = array_list_create(file_destroy);
   ArrayList* subdirs = array_list_create(free);
+  if (!root_files || !subdirs) {
+    array_list_delete(root_files);
+    array_list_delete(subdirs);
+    closedir(dir);
+    parallel_scanner_destroy(ps);
+    return NULL;
+  }
   struct dirent* entry;
   while ((entry = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
     if (strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") == 0 || strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") == 0)
@@ -403,7 +489,8 @@ ParallelScanner* parallel_scanner_create(char* root_directory, bool use_metadata
         continue;
       }
       link_target[len] = 0;
-      if (link_target[0] == '/') {
+      if (link_target[0] == '/' ||
+          !safe_relative_link(root_directory, root_directory, link_target)) {
         free(cur_path);
         continue;
       }
@@ -438,7 +525,10 @@ ParallelScanner* parallel_scanner_create(char* root_directory, bool use_metadata
     }
 
     if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
-      array_list_add(subdirs, cur_path);
+      if (!array_list_add(subdirs, cur_path)) {
+        free(cur_path);
+        ps->failed = true;
+      }
     } else {
       bool excluded = false;
       for (int i = 0; i < exclude_count; i++) {
@@ -471,12 +561,22 @@ ParallelScanner* parallel_scanner_create(char* root_directory, bool use_metadata
       }
       File* file = file_create(cur_path);
       free(cur_path);
-      if (!file)
+      if (!file) {
+        ps->failed = true;
         continue;
+      }
       file->data->size = st.st_size;
       if (use_metadata)
         file->metadata = file_metadata_create(&st);
-      array_list_add(root_files, file);
+      if (use_metadata && !file->metadata) {
+        file_destroy(file);
+        ps->failed = true;
+        continue;
+      }
+      if (!array_list_add(root_files, file)) {
+        file_destroy(file);
+        ps->failed = true;
+      }
     }
   }
   closedir(dir);
@@ -484,27 +584,57 @@ ParallelScanner* parallel_scanner_create(char* root_directory, bool use_metadata
   unsigned long long cs = chunk_size > 0 ? chunk_size : DESIRED_CHUNK_SIZE;
   if (root_files->size > 0) {
     ArrayList* batch = array_list_create(NULL);
+    if (!batch) {
+      ps->failed = true;
+      array_list_delete(root_files);
+      array_list_delete(subdirs);
+      parallel_scanner_destroy(ps);
+      return NULL;
+    }
     unsigned long long batch_size = 0;
     Chunk* first = NULL;
     for (int i = 0; i < root_files->size; i++) {
       File* f = (File*)root_files->items[i];
-      array_list_add(batch, f);
+      if (!array_list_add(batch, f)) {
+        ps->failed = true;
+        break;
+      }
       batch_size += f->data->size;
       if (batch_size >= cs || i == root_files->size - 1) {
         void** items = array_list_to_array(batch);
+        if (!items) {
+          ps->failed = true;
+          batch->item_destroyer = file_destroy;
+          array_list_delete(batch);
+          batch = NULL;
+          break;
+        }
         Chunk* c = chunk_create((File**)items, batch->size);
         free(items);
+        if (!c) {
+          ps->failed = true;
+          batch->item_destroyer = file_destroy;
+          array_list_delete(batch);
+          batch = NULL;
+          break;
+        }
         batch->item_destroyer = NULL;
         array_list_delete(batch);
         batch = NULL;
         if (!first) {
           first = c;
         } else {
-          queue_enqueue_multithreaded(ps->result_queue, c, &ps->result_mutex, &ps->result_not_empty,
-                                      &ps->result_not_full);
+          if (!queue_enqueue(ps->result_queue, c)) {
+            chunk_destroy(c);
+            ps->failed = true;
+          }
         }
         if (i < root_files->size - 1) {
           batch = array_list_create(NULL);
+          if (!batch) {
+            ps->failed = true;
+            break;
+          }
           batch_size = 0;
         }
       }
@@ -524,6 +654,7 @@ ParallelScanner* parallel_scanner_create(char* root_directory, bool use_metadata
 
   if (subdirs->size > 0) {
     ps->num_threads = n;
+    ps->expected_threads = n;
     ps->threads = calloc(n, sizeof(thrd_t));
     if (!ps->threads) {
       array_list_delete(subdirs);
@@ -533,21 +664,37 @@ ParallelScanner* parallel_scanner_create(char* root_directory, bool use_metadata
     int dirs_per_thread = subdirs->size / n;
     int remainder = subdirs->size % n;
     int start = 0;
+    ps->num_threads = 0;
     for (int t = 0; t < n; t++) {
       int count = dirs_per_thread + (t < remainder ? 1 : 0);
       if (count == 0)
         break;
       ParallelWorkerArg* wa = calloc(1, sizeof(ParallelWorkerArg));
-      if (!wa)
+      if (!wa) {
+        ps->failed = true;
         break;
+      }
       wa->ps = ps;
       wa->dirs = calloc(count, sizeof(char*));
       if (!wa->dirs) {
         free(wa);
+        ps->failed = true;
         break;
       }
-      for (int j = 0; j < count; j++)
+      bool dup_ok = true;
+      for (int j = 0; j < count; j++) {
         wa->dirs[j] = str_dup((char*)subdirs->items[start + j]);
+        if (!wa->dirs[j])
+          dup_ok = false;
+      }
+      if (!dup_ok) {
+        for (int j = 0; j < count; j++)
+          free(wa->dirs[j]);
+        free(wa->dirs);
+        free(wa);
+        ps->failed = true;
+        break;
+      }
       wa->dir_count = count;
       wa->use_metadata = use_metadata;
       wa->chunk_size = cs;
@@ -569,9 +716,17 @@ ParallelScanner* parallel_scanner_create(char* root_directory, bool use_metadata
           free(wa->dirs[j]);
         free(wa->dirs);
         free(wa);
-        ps->num_threads = t;
+        ps->failed = true;
+        atomic_store(&ps->cancelled, true);
+        ps->expected_threads = ps->created_threads;
+        mtx_lock(&ps->result_mutex);
+        cnd_broadcast(&ps->result_not_empty);
+        cnd_broadcast(&ps->result_not_full);
+        mtx_unlock(&ps->result_mutex);
         break;
       }
+      ps->num_threads++;
+      ps->created_threads++;
     }
   }
   array_list_delete(subdirs);
@@ -585,7 +740,9 @@ Chunk* parallel_scanner_next(ParallelScanner* ps) {
     return c;
   }
   if (ps->num_threads == 0) {
+    mtx_lock(&ps->result_mutex);
     ps->done = true;
+    mtx_unlock(&ps->result_mutex);
     return NULL;
   }
   Chunk* chunk = queue_dequeue_multithreaded(
@@ -593,12 +750,19 @@ Chunk* parallel_scanner_next(ParallelScanner* ps) {
   return chunk;
 }
 
+bool parallel_scanner_failed(const ParallelScanner* ps) {
+  return ps == NULL || ps->failed;
+}
+
 void parallel_scanner_destroy(ParallelScanner* ps) {
   if (!ps)
     return;
+  mtx_lock(&ps->result_mutex);
   ps->done = true;
-  cnd_signal(&ps->result_not_empty);
+  atomic_store(&ps->cancelled, true);
+  cnd_broadcast(&ps->result_not_empty);
   cnd_broadcast(&ps->result_not_full);
+  mtx_unlock(&ps->result_mutex);
   for (int i = 0; i < ps->num_threads; i++)
     thrd_join(ps->threads[i], NULL);
   free(ps->threads);

src/client/scanner.h

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <dirent.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <threads.h>
+#include <stdatomic.h>
 
 typedef struct {
   Queue* directories;
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ typedef struct {
   bool safe_links;
   bool copy_unsafe_links;
   bool checksum;
+  bool failed;
 } DirectoryScanner;
 
 typedef struct {
@@ -34,8 +36,12 @@ typedef struct {
   cnd_t result_not_empty;
   cnd_t result_not_full;
   int num_threads;
+  int expected_threads;
+  int created_threads;
   thrd_t* threads;
   bool done;
+  bool failed;
+  atomic_bool cancelled;
   int completed;
   Chunk* initial_chunk;
 } ParallelScanner;
@@ -48,6 +54,7 @@ DirectoryScanner* directory_scanner_create(const char* root_directory, bool use_
                                            bool follow_symlinks, bool copy_links, bool safe_links,
                                            bool copy_unsafe_links, bool checksum);
 Chunk* directory_scanner_next(DirectoryScanner* scanner);
+bool directory_scanner_failed(const DirectoryScanner* scanner);
 void directory_scanner_destroy(DirectoryScanner* scanner);
 
 ParallelScanner* parallel_scanner_create(char* root_directory, bool use_metadata,
@@ -58,6 +65,7 @@ ParallelScanner* parallel_scanner_create(char* root_directory, bool use_metadata
                                          int num_threads, bool follow_symlinks, bool copy_links,
                                          bool safe_links, bool copy_unsafe_links, bool checksum);
 Chunk* parallel_scanner_next(ParallelScanner* scanner);
+bool parallel_scanner_failed(const ParallelScanner* scanner);
 void parallel_scanner_destroy(ParallelScanner* scanner);
 
 #endif

src/server/server.c

@@ -15,6 +15,42 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+static char* authorized_root;
+static int authorized_root_fd = -1;
+static bool allow_delete;
+
+static bool path_is_within(const char* root, const char* path) {
+  size_t n = strlen(root);
+  return strncmp(root, path, n) == 0 && (path[n] == '\0' || path[n] == '/');
+}
+
+static bool valid_batch_path(const char* path) {
+  return path && path[0] != '\0' && path[0] != '/' && !has_path_traversal(path) &&
+         strchr(path, '\0') == path + strlen(path);
+}
+
+static bool __attribute__((unused)) configure_authorization(const char* root) {
+  char resolved[PATH_MAX];
+  if (!root || !realpath(root, resolved))
+    return false;
+  authorized_root = str_dup(resolved);
+  if (!authorized_root)
+    return false;
+  authorized_root_fd = open(resolved, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY | O_CLOEXEC);
+  if (authorized_root_fd < 0) {
+    free(authorized_root);
+    authorized_root = NULL;
+    return false;
+  }
+  file_set_authorized_root(authorized_root_fd, authorized_root);
+  utils_set_authorized_root_fd(authorized_root_fd);
+  return true;
+}
 
 int receive_files(Config* config, int fd) {
   Status status;
@@ -38,8 +74,12 @@ int receive_files(Config* config, int fd) {
         goto next;
       if (file == NULL && !skipped)
         return -1;
-      if (config->save_to_disk)
-        file_save_to_disk(config->receive_root_directory, file, NULL);
+      if (config->save_to_disk &&
+          !file_save_to_disk(config->receive_root_directory, file, config)) {
+        file_destroy(file);
+        send_status(fd, STATUS_ERROR);
+        return -1;
+      }
       file_destroy(file);
     } else if (status == STATUS_CHUNK) {
       Chunk* chunk = receive_chunk_data(fd, config);
@@ -48,13 +88,19 @@ int receive_files(Config* config, int fd) {
         return -1;
       }
       for (int i = 0; i < chunk->element_count; i++) {
-        if (config->save_to_disk)
-          file_save_to_disk(config->receive_root_directory, chunk->items[i], NULL);
+        if (config->save_to_disk &&
+            !file_save_to_disk(config->receive_root_directory, chunk->items[i], config)) {
+          chunk_destroy(chunk);
+          send_status(fd, STATUS_ERROR);
+          return -1;
+        }
       }
       chunk_destroy(chunk);
     } else if (status == STATUS_CHECK_BATCH) {
       int count;
-      if (!receive_int(fd, &count))
+      /* Batch framing has no checksum field yet; never silently downgrade a
+         checksum-enabled transfer into mtime-only matching. */
+      if (config->checksum || !receive_int(fd, &count) || count < 0 || count > MAX_MANIFEST_ENTRIES)
         return -1;
       for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
         char* check_path = receive_str(fd);
@@ -67,17 +113,21 @@ int receive_files(Config* config, int fd) {
           free(check_path);
           return -1;
         }
+        if (!valid_batch_path(check_path)) {
+          free(check_path);
+          send_status(fd, STATUS_ERROR);
+          return -1;
+        }
         char* full_path = path_cat(config->receive_root_directory, check_path);
         struct stat st;
         bool has_old = full_path && lstat(full_path, &st) == 0;
         bool match = has_old && (unsigned long long)st.st_size == check_size &&
                      (long long)st.st_mtime == check_mtime;
-        if (match)
-          send_status(fd, STATUS_OK);
-        else
-          send_status(fd, STATUS_NEXT);
+        bool sent = send_status(fd, match ? STATUS_OK : STATUS_NEXT);
         free(full_path);
         free(check_path);
+        if (!sent)
+          return -1;
       }
       goto next;
     } else {
@@ -87,8 +137,12 @@ int receive_files(Config* config, int fd) {
         send_status(fd, STATUS_ERROR);
         return -1;
       }
-      if (config->save_to_disk)
-        file_save_to_disk(config->receive_root_directory, file, NULL);
+      if (config->save_to_disk &&
+          !file_save_to_disk(config->receive_root_directory, file, config)) {
+        file_destroy(file);
+        send_status(fd, STATUS_ERROR);
+        return -1;
+      }
       file_destroy(file);
     }
   next:
@@ -119,6 +173,36 @@ void handler(int file_descriptor) {
     close(file_descriptor);
     return;
   }
+  if (!authorized_root) {
+    log_message(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, "No server-side destination root configured");
+    config_delete(config);
+    close(file_descriptor);
+    return;
+  }
+  char resolved_destination[PATH_MAX];
+  char* canonical_destination = realpath(config->receive_root_directory, NULL);
+  const char* destination =
+      canonical_destination ? canonical_destination : config->receive_root_directory;
+  if (has_path_traversal(destination) || !path_is_within(authorized_root, destination)) {
+    log_message(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, "Rejected destination outside authorized root");
+    free(canonical_destination);
+    config_delete(config);
+    close(file_descriptor);
+    return;
+  }
+  if (canonical_destination)
+    snprintf(resolved_destination, sizeof(resolved_destination), "%s", canonical_destination);
+  else
+    snprintf(resolved_destination, sizeof(resolved_destination), "%s", destination);
+  free(canonical_destination);
+  free(config->receive_root_directory);
+  config->receive_root_directory = str_dup(resolved_destination);
+  if (!config->receive_root_directory) {
+    config_delete(config);
+    close(file_descriptor);
+    return;
+  }
+  config->use_delete = config->use_delete && allow_delete;
   if (config->use_multithreading) {
     Queue* q = queue_create(100, file_destroy);
     if (q == NULL) {
@@ -144,7 +228,7 @@ void handler(int file_descriptor) {
       perror("Error creating Threads");
       if (receiver_created) {
         mtx_lock(&context->mutex);
-        context->cancelled = true;
+        atomic_store(&context->cancelled, true);
         cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_full);
         cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_empty);
         mtx_unlock(&context->mutex);
@@ -158,12 +242,18 @@ void handler(int file_descriptor) {
       pipeline_context_receiver_destroy(context);
       return;
     }
-    thrd_join(receiver, NULL);
-    thrd_join(writer, NULL);
-    send_status(file_descriptor, STATUS_OK);
+    int receiver_result;
+    int writer_result;
+    thrd_join(receiver, &receiver_result);
+    thrd_join(writer, &writer_result);
+    if (receiver_result == thrd_success && writer_result == thrd_success)
+      send_status(file_descriptor, STATUS_OK);
+    else
+      send_status(file_descriptor, STATUS_ERROR);
     pipeline_context_receiver_destroy(context);
   } else {
-    receive_files(config, file_descriptor);
+    if (receive_files(config, file_descriptor) != 0)
+      log_message(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, "Transfer failed");
     config_delete(config);
   }
   close(file_descriptor);
@@ -191,6 +281,8 @@ static void print_server_usage(void) {
   printf("  --cert <path>       TLS certificate file (PEM)\n");
   printf("  --key <path>        TLS private key file (PEM)\n");
   printf("  --ca <path>         TLS CA certificate file (PEM)\n");
+  printf("  --destination-root <path>  Authorized destination root (default: .)\n");
+  printf("  --allow-delete      Permit manifest deletion\n");
   printf("  -v, --verbose       Enable debug logging\n");
   printf("  --help              Show this help\n");
 }
@@ -201,6 +293,8 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
   char* tls_key = NULL;
   char* tls_ca = NULL;
   int port = 8080;
+  const char* destination_root = ".";
+  bool stdio_mode = false;
 
   signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
   for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
@@ -208,9 +302,7 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
       print_server_usage();
       return 0;
     } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "--stdio") == 0) {
-      io_set_fds(STDIN_FILENO, STDOUT_FILENO);
-      handler(STDIN_FILENO);
-      return 0;
+      stdio_mode = true;
     } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-v") == 0 || strcmp(argv[i], "--verbose") == 0) {
       set_log_level(LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG);
     } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "--tls") == 0) {
@@ -221,6 +313,10 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
       tls_key = argv[++i];
     } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "--ca") == 0 && i + 1 < argc) {
       tls_ca = argv[++i];
+    } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "--destination-root") == 0 && i + 1 < argc) {
+      destination_root = argv[++i];
+    } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "--allow-delete") == 0) {
+      allow_delete = true;
     } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-p") == 0 && i + 1 < argc) {
       char* end;
       long p = strtol(argv[++i], &end, 10);
@@ -242,6 +338,19 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
 
   signal(SIGINT, cleanup);
   signal(SIGTERM, cleanup);
+  if (!configure_authorization(destination_root)) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Error: invalid destination root '%s'\n", destination_root);
+    return 1;
+  }
+  if (stdio_mode) {
+    io_set_fds(STDIN_FILENO, STDOUT_FILENO);
+    handler(STDIN_FILENO);
+    file_set_authorized_root(-1, NULL);
+    utils_set_authorized_root_fd(-1);
+    close(authorized_root_fd);
+    free(authorized_root);
+    return 0;
+  }
   g_server = server_create(port);
   if (g_server == NULL) {
     log_message(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, "Failed to create server");

src/shared/config.c

@@ -434,6 +434,12 @@ Config* config_receive(int file_descriptor) {
   config->compress_choice = receive_str(file_descriptor);
   if (config->compress_choice == NULL)
     goto error;
+  if (config->compress_choice[0] != '\0' && strcmp(config->compress_choice, "zstd") != 0 &&
+      strcmp(config->compress_choice, "none") != 0) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Unsupported compression choice: %s\n", config->compress_choice);
+    send_status(file_descriptor, STATUS_ERROR);
+    goto error;
+  }
   if (!send_status(file_descriptor, STATUS_OK))
     goto error;
   return config;

src/shared/config.h

@@ -128,8 +128,7 @@ typedef struct Config {
   char* compress_choice;
 } Config;
 
-/* This version must be bumped whenever config_send / config_receive wire format changes. */
-#define PROTOCOL_VERSION "2.1.0"
+#define PROTOCOL_VERSION "2.2.0"
 #define DEFAULT_CHUNK_SIZE (10 * 1024 * 1024)
 
 Config* config_create(void);

src/shared/delta.c

@@ -27,6 +27,10 @@ uint32_t delta_xxhash32(const void* data, uint32_t len) {
   return XXH32(data, len, 0);
 }
 
+uint64_t delta_xxhash64(const void* data, size_t len) {
+  return XXH64(data, len, 0);
+}
+
 DeltaSignature* delta_signature_create(const void* old_file_data, uint64_t old_file_size,
                                        uint32_t block_size) {
   if (old_file_data == NULL || old_file_size == 0 || block_size == 0)

src/shared/delta.h

@@ -72,5 +72,6 @@ bool delta_is_worthwhile(const Delta* delta, uint64_t new_file_size);
 
 uint32_t delta_adler32(const void* data, uint32_t len);
 uint32_t delta_xxhash32(const void* data, uint32_t len);
+uint64_t delta_xxhash64(const void* data, size_t len);
 
 #endif

src/shared/file.c

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <libgen.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <poll.h>
 #include <stddef.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
@@ -9,6 +11,7 @@
 #include <sys/sendfile.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
+#include <time.h>
 
 #include "compression.h"
 #include "delta.h"
@@ -20,7 +23,22 @@
 #include "protocol.h"
 #include "utils.h"
 
+bool file_checksum(File* file, uint64_t* checksum) {
+  if (!file || !checksum || !file->data)
+    return false;
+  if (file->data->size == 0) {
+    *checksum = delta_xxhash64("", 0);
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (!file->data->data && !file_load_data(file))
+    return false;
+  *checksum = delta_xxhash64(file->data->data, file->data->size);
+  return true;
+}
+
 File* file_create(const char* path) {
+  if (!path)
+    return NULL;
   File* file = (File*)malloc(sizeof(File));
   if (file == NULL) {
     perror("ERROR: Could not allocate memory for file struct");
@@ -86,6 +104,8 @@ bool file_load_data(File* file) {
   if (file == NULL)
     return false;
   if (file->data->data == NULL) {
+    if (file->data->size == 0)
+      return true;
     file->data->data = malloc(file->data->size);
     if (file->data->data == NULL) {
       perror("Could not allocate memory for file data");
@@ -105,6 +125,8 @@ bool file_load_data(File* file) {
 
 bool file_send_single_calls(File* file, int file_descriptor, bool use_metadata,
                             int compression_level, bool send_path) {
+  if (!file || !file->path || !file->data)
+    return false;
   const Data* data_to_send = file->data;
   Data* compressed_data = NULL;
   if (compression_level > 0 && !compression_should_skip(file->path)) {
@@ -131,22 +153,56 @@ bool file_send_single_calls(File* file, int file_descriptor, bool use_metadata,
   return true;
 }
 
-bool file_save_to_disk(const char* root_directory, File* file, const Config* config) {
+static bool to_disk_secure(const char* path, const void* data, unsigned long long data_size,
+                           bool inplace, bool sparse, const FileMetadata* metadata);
+static int open_secure_parent(const char* path, char** leaf_out);
+static bool rename_secure(const char* old_path, const char* new_path);
+static int authorized_root_fd = -1;
+static char* authorized_root_path;
+
+void file_set_authorized_root(int fd, const char* canonical_path) {
+  authorized_root_fd = fd;
+  free(authorized_root_path);
+  authorized_root_path = canonical_path ? str_dup(canonical_path) : NULL;
+}
+
+static bool path_is_within_root(const char* root, const char* path) {
+  size_t n = strlen(root);
+  return strncmp(root, path, n) == 0 && (path[n] == '\0' || path[n] == '/');
+}
+
+bool file_save_to_disk(const char* root_directory, const File* file, const Config* config) {
   bool backup_enabled = config && config->backup;
   bool inplace = config && config->inplace;
   bool sparse = config && config->preserve_sparse;
   const char* backup_suffix = (config && config->suffix) ? config->suffix : "~";
   const char* backup_dir = (config && config->backup_dir) ? config->backup_dir : NULL;
   const char* partial_dir = (config && config->partial_dir) ? config->partial_dir : NULL;
+  char *confined_backup = NULL, *confined_partial = NULL;
 
-  if (has_path_traversal(file->path)) {
-    log_message(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, "Path traversal detected in file path: %s", file->path);
+  if (!file || !file->path || !file->data || has_path_traversal(file->path) ||
+      (backup_enabled &&
+       (!backup_suffix || backup_suffix[0] == '\0' || strchr(backup_suffix, '/') != NULL ||
+        strcmp(backup_suffix, ".") == 0 || strcmp(backup_suffix, "..") == 0))) {
+    log_message(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, "Invalid file or path received");
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  /* These options arrive from the client.  They are names below the server
+     root, never independent filesystem roots. */
+  if ((backup_dir && (backup_dir[0] == '/' || has_path_traversal(backup_dir))) ||
+      (partial_dir && (partial_dir[0] == '/' || has_path_traversal(partial_dir))))
+    return false;
+  if (backup_dir && !(confined_backup = path_cat(root_directory, backup_dir)))
+    return false;
+  if (partial_dir && !(confined_partial = path_cat(root_directory, partial_dir))) {
+    free(confined_backup);
     return false;
   }
 
   char* resolved_root = NULL;
   const char* actual_root =
-      (partial_dir && config && config->partial) ? partial_dir : root_directory;
+      (partial_dir && config && config->partial) ? confined_partial : root_directory;
   resolved_root = realpath(actual_root, NULL);
   if (resolved_root == NULL) {
     if (mkdir_r(actual_root)) {
@@ -155,27 +211,56 @@ bool file_save_to_disk(const char* root_directory, File* file, const Config* con
   }
   if (resolved_root == NULL) {
     log_message(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, "Failed to resolve destination root: %s", actual_root);
+    free(confined_backup);
+    free(confined_partial);
     return false;
   }
+  char* resolved_base = realpath(root_directory, NULL);
+  if (resolved_base == NULL || !path_is_within_root(resolved_base, resolved_root)) {
+    free(resolved_base);
+    free(confined_backup);
+    free(confined_partial);
+    free(resolved_root);
+    return false;
+  }
+  free(resolved_base);
 
   char* disk_path = path_cat(resolved_root, file->path);
   if (disk_path == NULL) {
+    free(confined_backup);
+    free(confined_partial);
     free(resolved_root);
     return false;
   }
 
+  /* --update is receiver-side policy: never replace a newer destination. */
+  if (config && config->update) {
+    struct stat destination_stat;
+    if (stat(disk_path, &destination_stat) == 0 && file->metadata &&
+        destination_stat.st_mtime > file->metadata->mtime_sec) {
+      free(resolved_root);
+      free(confined_backup);
+      free(confined_partial);
+      free(disk_path);
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+
   if (backup_enabled) {
     struct stat backup_stat;
     if (stat(disk_path, &backup_stat) == 0) {
       char* backup_path = NULL;
       if (backup_dir) {
-        char* resolved_backup_dir = realpath(backup_dir, NULL);
+        char* resolved_backup_dir = realpath(confined_backup, NULL);
         if (!resolved_backup_dir) {
-          mkdir_r(backup_dir);
-          resolved_backup_dir = realpath(backup_dir, NULL);
+          mkdir_r(confined_backup);
+          resolved_backup_dir = realpath(confined_backup, NULL);
         }
         if (resolved_backup_dir) {
-          backup_path = path_cat(resolved_backup_dir, file->path);
+          char* backup_base = realpath(root_directory, NULL);
+          if (backup_base && path_is_within_root(backup_base, resolved_backup_dir))
+            backup_path = path_cat(resolved_backup_dir, file->path);
+          free(backup_base);
           free(resolved_backup_dir);
         }
       }
@@ -195,7 +280,14 @@ bool file_save_to_disk(const char* root_directory, File* file, const Config* con
           mkdir_r(bdir);
           free(backup_dir_path);
         }
-        rename(disk_path, backup_path);
+        if (!rename_secure(disk_path, backup_path)) {
+          free(backup_path);
+          free(resolved_root);
+          free(confined_backup);
+          free(confined_partial);
+          free(disk_path);
+          return false;
+        }
         free(backup_path);
       }
     }
@@ -203,6 +295,8 @@ bool file_save_to_disk(const char* root_directory, File* file, const Config* con
 
   char* dir_dup = str_dup(disk_path);
   if (!dir_dup) {
+    free(confined_backup);
+    free(confined_partial);
     free(resolved_root);
     free(disk_path);
     return false;
@@ -210,6 +304,8 @@ bool file_save_to_disk(const char* root_directory, File* file, const Config* con
   char* dir_str = dirname(dir_dup);
   if (!mkdir_r(dir_str)) {
     free(dir_dup);
+    free(confined_backup);
+    free(confined_partial);
     free(resolved_root);
     free(disk_path);
     return false;
@@ -218,6 +314,8 @@ bool file_save_to_disk(const char* root_directory, File* file, const Config* con
   free(dir_dup);
   if (resolved_dir == NULL) {
     log_message(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, "Failed to resolve directory for: %s", disk_path);
+    free(confined_backup);
+    free(confined_partial);
     free(resolved_root);
     free(disk_path);
     return false;
@@ -228,6 +326,8 @@ bool file_save_to_disk(const char* root_directory, File* file, const Config* con
       (resolved_dir[root_len] != '\0' && resolved_dir[root_len] != '/')) {
     log_message(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, "Path escape detected: %s is outside %s", disk_path, actual_root);
     free(resolved_dir);
+    free(confined_backup);
+    free(confined_partial);
     free(resolved_root);
     free(disk_path);
     return false;
@@ -235,31 +335,14 @@ bool file_save_to_disk(const char* root_directory, File* file, const Config* con
   free(resolved_dir);
   free(resolved_root);
 
-  bool ok = to_disk(disk_path, file->data->data, file->data->size, inplace, sparse);
-  if (ok)
-    file_restore_metadata(disk_path, file->metadata);
+  bool ok = to_disk_secure(disk_path, file->data->data, file->data->size, inplace, sparse,
+                           file->metadata);
+  free(confined_backup);
+  free(confined_partial);
   free(disk_path);
   return ok;
 }
 
-static void* old_data_from_path(const char* full_path, unsigned long long old_size) {
-  void* data = malloc((size_t)old_size);
-  if (!data)
-    return NULL;
-  FILE* fp = fopen(full_path, "rb");
-  if (!fp) {
-    free(data);
-    return NULL;
-  }
-  size_t nread = fread(data, 1, (size_t)old_size, fp);
-  fclose(fp);
-  if (nread != (size_t)old_size) {
-    free(data);
-    return NULL;
-  }
-  return data;
-}
-
 static File* receive_delta_file(int fd, const Config* config, const char* check_path,
                                 void* old_data, unsigned long long old_size) {
   if (!old_data)
@@ -423,12 +506,18 @@ File* receive_incremental_check(int fd, const Config* config, bool* skipped) {
 
   unsigned long long check_size;
   long long check_mtime;
+  uint64_t check_checksum = 0;
   if (!receive_n_data(fd, &check_size, sizeof(check_size)) ||
       !receive_n_data(fd, &check_mtime, sizeof(check_mtime))) {
     free(check_path);
     send_status(fd, STATUS_ERROR);
     return NULL;
   }
+  if (config->checksum && !receive_n_data(fd, &check_checksum, sizeof(check_checksum))) {
+    free(check_path);
+    send_status(fd, STATUS_ERROR);
+    return NULL;
+  }
 
   if (has_path_traversal(check_path)) {
     log_message(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, "Path traversal detected: %s", check_path);
@@ -439,13 +528,53 @@ File* receive_incremental_check(int fd, const Config* config, bool* skipped) {
 
   char* full_path = path_cat(config->receive_root_directory, check_path);
   struct stat st;
-  bool has_old_file = (full_path && lstat(full_path, &st) == 0);
+  bool has_old_file = false;
+  int old_fd = -1;
+  if (full_path) {
+    char* leaf = NULL;
+    int parent_fd = open_secure_parent(full_path, &leaf);
+    if (parent_fd >= 0) {
+      old_fd = openat(parent_fd, leaf, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC | O_NOFOLLOW);
+      free(leaf);
+      close(parent_fd);
+      has_old_file = old_fd >= 0 && fstat(old_fd, &st) == 0 && S_ISREG(st.st_mode);
+    }
+  }
   unsigned long long old_size = has_old_file ? (unsigned long long)st.st_size : 0;
+  void* old_data = NULL;
+  if (has_old_file && old_size > 0) {
+    old_data = malloc((size_t)old_size);
+    if (old_data) {
+      size_t got = 0;
+      while (got < (size_t)old_size) {
+        ssize_t n = read(old_fd, (char*)old_data + got, (size_t)old_size - got);
+        if (n <= 0) {
+          free(old_data);
+          old_data = NULL;
+          break;
+        }
+        got += (size_t)n;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  if (old_fd >= 0) {
+    close(old_fd);
+  }
 
-  bool match = has_old_file && (unsigned long long)st.st_size == check_size &&
-               (long long)st.st_mtime == check_mtime;
+  bool match = has_old_file && (unsigned long long)st.st_size == check_size;
+  if (match && config->checksum) {
+    uint64_t old_checksum = old_size == 0 ? delta_xxhash64("", 0) : 0;
+    if (old_data)
+      old_checksum = delta_xxhash64(old_data, (size_t)old_size);
+    match = (old_size == 0 || old_data) && old_checksum == check_checksum;
+    free(old_data);
+    old_data = NULL;
+  } else if (match) {
+    match = (long long)st.st_mtime == check_mtime;
+  }
 
   if (match) {
+    free(old_data);
     if (!send_status(fd, STATUS_OK)) {
       free(full_path);
       free(check_path);
@@ -461,13 +590,15 @@ File* receive_incremental_check(int fd, const Config* config, bool* skipped) {
                    delta_should_attempt(old_size, check_size, config->delta_max_file_size);
 
   if (try_delta) {
-    void* old_data = old_data_from_path(full_path, old_size);
     File* delta_file = receive_delta_file(fd, config, check_path, old_data, old_size);
+    old_data = NULL; /* receive_delta_file consumes the snapshot on every path */
     if (delta_file) {
       free(full_path);
       free(check_path);
       return delta_file;
     }
+    free(old_data);
+    old_data = NULL;
     try_delta = false;
   }
 
@@ -520,8 +651,144 @@ File* receive_incremental_check(int fd, const Config* config, bool* skipped) {
   return file;
 }
 
+static int open_secure_parent(const char* path, char** leaf_out) {
+  char* copy = str_dup(path);
+  if (!copy)
+    return -1;
+  char* parent = dirname(copy);
+  const char* slash = strrchr(path, '/');
+  char* leaf = str_dup(slash ? slash + 1 : path);
+  if (!leaf) {
+    free(copy);
+    return -1;
+  }
+  int fd;
+  if (authorized_root_fd >= 0 && authorized_root_path && path[0] == '/' &&
+      path_is_within_root(authorized_root_path, path)) {
+    fd = dup(authorized_root_fd);
+    size_t root_len = strlen(authorized_root_path);
+    char* relative = str_dup(path + root_len);
+    if (!relative) {
+      free(copy);
+      free(leaf);
+      close(fd);
+      return -1;
+    }
+    free(copy);
+    copy = relative;
+    parent = dirname(copy);
+  } else {
+    fd = (parent[0] == '/') ? open("/", O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY | O_CLOEXEC)
+                            : open(".", O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY | O_CLOEXEC);
+  }
+  if (fd < 0) {
+    free(copy);
+    free(leaf);
+    return -1;
+  }
+  char* save = NULL;
+  char* component = strtok_r(parent, "/", &save);
+  while (component) {
+    if (strcmp(component, ".") != 0 && strcmp(component, "..") != 0) {
+      int next = openat(fd, component, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY | O_NOFOLLOW | O_CLOEXEC);
+      if (next < 0 && errno == ENOENT && mkdirat(fd, component, 0755) == 0)
+        next = openat(fd, component, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY | O_NOFOLLOW | O_CLOEXEC);
+      if (next < 0) {
+        close(fd);
+        free(copy);
+        free(leaf);
+        return -1;
+      }
+      close(fd);
+      fd = next;
+    }
+    component = strtok_r(NULL, "/", &save);
+  }
+  free(copy);
+  *leaf_out = leaf;
+  return fd;
+}
+
+static bool rename_secure(const char* old_path, const char* new_path) {
+  char *old_leaf = NULL, *new_leaf = NULL;
+  int old_parent = open_secure_parent(old_path, &old_leaf);
+  int new_parent = open_secure_parent(new_path, &new_leaf);
+  bool ok = old_parent >= 0 && new_parent >= 0 &&
+            renameat(old_parent, old_leaf, new_parent, new_leaf) == 0;
+  if (old_parent >= 0)
+    close(old_parent);
+  if (new_parent >= 0)
+    close(new_parent);
+  free(old_leaf);
+  free(new_leaf);
+  return ok;
+}
+
+static bool write_all(int fd, const void* data, unsigned long long size) {
+  const unsigned char* p = data;
+  unsigned long long done = 0;
+  while (done < size) {
+    ssize_t n = write(fd, p + done, (size_t)(size - done));
+    if (n < 0 && errno == EINTR)
+      continue;
+    if (n <= 0)
+      return false;
+    done += (unsigned long long)n;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+static bool to_disk_secure(const char* path, const void* data, unsigned long long data_size,
+                           bool inplace, bool sparse, const FileMetadata* metadata) {
+  char* leaf = NULL;
+  int dirfd = open_secure_parent(path, &leaf);
+  if (dirfd < 0)
+    return false;
+  int fd = -1;
+  bool ok = false;
+  if (inplace) {
+    fd = openat(dirfd, leaf, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_CLOEXEC | O_NOFOLLOW, 0644);
+    if (fd >= 0) {
+      if (!sparse || data_size == 0 || ftruncate(fd, (off_t)data_size) == 0)
+        ok = write_all(fd, data, data_size);
+      if (ok && metadata)
+        ok = file_restore_metadata_fd(fd, metadata);
+    }
+  } else {
+    char tmp[NAME_MAX];
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < 100 && !ok; ++i) {
+      snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), ".%s.tmp.%ld.%u", leaf, (long)getpid(), i);
+      fd = openat(dirfd, tmp, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_CLOEXEC | O_NOFOLLOW, 0600);
+      if (fd < 0)
+        continue;
+      if (sparse && data_size > 0)
+        ok = ftruncate(fd, (off_t)data_size) == 0;
+      if (ok || (!sparse || data_size == 0))
+        ok = write_all(fd, data, data_size);
+      if (ok && metadata)
+        ok = file_restore_metadata_fd(fd, metadata);
+      if (close(fd) != 0)
+        ok = false;
+      fd = -1;
+      if (ok && renameat(dirfd, tmp, dirfd, leaf) != 0)
+        ok = false;
+      if (!ok)
+        unlinkat(dirfd, tmp, 0);
+    }
+  }
+  if (fd >= 0)
+    close(fd);
+  close(dirfd);
+  free(leaf);
+  return ok;
+}
+
 bool to_disk(const char* path, const void* data, unsigned long long data_size, bool inplace,
              bool sparse) {
+  if (!path || (!data && data_size != 0) || has_path_traversal(path))
+    return false;
+  return to_disk_secure(path, data, data_size, inplace, sparse, NULL);
+  /* Kept below only as historical context; all writes use descriptor-relative operations. */
   char* tmp_path = NULL;
   char* directory = NULL;
 
@@ -625,6 +892,8 @@ done:
 
 bool file_send_sendfile(File* file, int file_descriptor, bool use_metadata, int compression_level,
                         bool send_path) {
+  if (!file || !file->path || !file->data)
+    return false;
   if (compression_level > 0)
     return file_send_single_calls(file, file_descriptor, use_metadata, compression_level,
                                   send_path);
@@ -641,13 +910,56 @@ bool file_send_sendfile(File* file, int file_descriptor, bool use_metadata, int
   }
 
   unsigned long long file_size = file->data->size;
+  struct stat source_stat;
+  if (fstat(fd, &source_stat) != 0 || !S_ISREG(source_stat.st_mode) ||
+      (unsigned long long)source_stat.st_size < file_size) {
+    close(fd);
+    return false;
+  }
   if (!send_n_data(file_descriptor, &file_size, sizeof(unsigned long long))) {
     close(fd);
     return false;
   }
 
+  /* sendfile cannot encrypt TLS records.  Keep the framing identical but
+     route encrypted transfers through the deadline-aware IO layer. */
+  if (io_get_ssl() != NULL) {
+    unsigned char buffer[64 * 1024];
+    unsigned long long remaining = file_size;
+    bool ok = true;
+    while (remaining > 0) {
+      size_t want = remaining > sizeof(buffer) ? sizeof(buffer) : (size_t)remaining;
+      ssize_t got = read(fd, buffer, want);
+      if (got <= 0 || !send_n_data(file_descriptor, buffer, (size_t)got)) {
+        ok = false;
+        break;
+      }
+      remaining -= (unsigned long long)got;
+    }
+    close(fd);
+    return ok;
+  }
+
   off_t offset = 0;
+  struct timespec deadline;
+  clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &deadline);
+  deadline.tv_sec += 60;
   while ((unsigned long long)offset < file_size) {
+    struct timespec now;
+    clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
+    long long remaining = (long long)(deadline.tv_sec - now.tv_sec) * 1000LL +
+                          (deadline.tv_nsec - now.tv_nsec) / 1000000LL;
+    if (remaining <= 0) {
+      close(fd);
+      return false;
+    }
+    struct pollfd pfd = {.fd = file_descriptor, .events = POLLOUT};
+    int timeout = remaining > INT_MAX ? INT_MAX : (int)remaining;
+    int polled = poll(&pfd, 1, timeout);
+    if (polled <= 0 || (pfd.revents & (POLLERR | POLLHUP | POLLNVAL))) {
+      close(fd);
+      return false;
+    }
     ssize_t sent = sendfile(file_descriptor, fd, &offset, file_size - offset);
     if (sent == -1) {
       if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR)
@@ -656,6 +968,10 @@ bool file_send_sendfile(File* file, int file_descriptor, bool use_metadata, int
       close(fd);
       return false;
     }
+    if (sent == 0) {
+      close(fd);
+      return false;
+    }
   }
 
   close(fd);
@@ -666,6 +982,11 @@ File* file_receive(const Config* config, int file_descriptor) {
   char* path = receive_str(file_descriptor);
   if (path == NULL)
     return NULL;
+  if (path[0] == '\0' || has_path_traversal(path)) {
+    log_message(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, "Invalid received file path: %s", path);
+    free(path);
+    return NULL;
+  }
   File* file = file_create(path);
   free(path);
   if (file == NULL)
@@ -714,21 +1035,40 @@ size_t file_content_to_buffer(File* file) {
 }
 
 int receive_manifest(int fd, const Config* config, int* next_status) {
+  int received_status = STATUS_ERROR;
+  int* status_out = next_status ? next_status : &received_status;
   int count;
   if (!receive_int(fd, &count))
     return -1;
-  ArrayList* manifest = array_list_create(free);
-  if (manifest) {
-    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-      char* s = receive_str(fd);
-      if (s)
-        array_list_add(manifest, s);
-    }
-    fprintf(stderr, "Deleting files not in manifest...\n");
-    delete_extras(config->receive_root_directory, manifest);
-    array_list_delete(manifest);
-  }
-  if (!receive_status(fd, next_status))
+  if (count < 0 || count > MAX_MANIFEST_ENTRIES)
     return -1;
-  return 0;
+  ArrayList* manifest = array_list_create(free);
+  if (!manifest)
+    return -1;
+  size_t manifest_bytes = 0;
+  for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+    char* s = receive_str(fd);
+    size_t entry_size = s ? strlen(s) : 0;
+    if (!s || s[0] == '\0' || s[0] == '/' || has_path_traversal(s) ||
+        entry_size > MAX_MANIFEST_BYTES - manifest_bytes ||
+        (manifest_bytes += entry_size) > MAX_MANIFEST_BYTES || !array_list_add(manifest, s)) {
+      free(s);
+      array_list_delete(manifest);
+      return -1;
+    }
+  }
+  if (!receive_status(fd, status_out)) {
+    array_list_delete(manifest);
+    return -1;
+  }
+  /* Deletion is a commit operation: never perform it until the sender has
+     completed the manifest frame successfully. */
+  if (*status_out != STATUS_FINISHED || !config->use_delete) {
+    array_list_delete(manifest);
+    return *status_out == STATUS_FINISHED ? 0 : -1;
+  }
+  fprintf(stderr, "Deleting files not in manifest...\n");
+  bool deletion_ok = delete_extras(config->receive_root_directory, manifest);
+  array_list_delete(manifest);
+  return deletion_ok ? 0 : -1;
 }

src/shared/file.h

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ typedef struct {
 File* file_create(const char* path);
 void file_destroy(void* item);
 bool file_load_data(File* file);
+bool file_checksum(File* file, uint64_t* checksum);
 File* file_receive(const Config* config, int file_descriptor);
 bool file_send_single_calls(File* file, int file_descriptor, bool use_metadata,
                             int compression_level, bool send_path);
@@ -36,7 +37,8 @@ FileMetadata* file_metadata_create(const struct stat* stats);
 void file_metadata_destroy(void* metadata);
 bool to_disk(const char* path, const void* data, unsigned long long data_size, bool inplace,
              bool sparse);
-bool file_save_to_disk(const char* root_directory, File* file, const Config* config);
+bool file_save_to_disk(const char* root_directory, const File* file, const Config* config);
+void file_set_authorized_root(int fd, const char* canonical_path);
 File* receive_incremental_check(int fd, const Config* config, bool* skipped);
 int receive_manifest(int fd, const Config* config, int* next_status);
 

src/shared/metadata.c

@@ -105,11 +105,16 @@ FileMetadata* metadata_receive(int file_descriptor, int* ok) {
       *ok = 0;
     return NULL;
   }
-  if (!present) {
+  if (present == 0) {
     if (ok)
       *ok = 1;
     return NULL;
   }
+  if (present != 1) {
+    if (ok)
+      *ok = 0;
+    return NULL;
+  }
   FileMetadata* m = malloc(sizeof(FileMetadata));
   if (m == NULL) {
     if (ok)
@@ -156,18 +161,24 @@ FileMetadata* metadata_receive(int file_descriptor, int* ok) {
     return NULL;
   }
   m->mtime_nsec = (long)mtime_nsec;
+  if (mtime_nsec < 0 || mtime_nsec >= 1000000000LL || mode < 0 || uid < 0 || gid < 0) {
+    free(m);
+    if (ok)
+      *ok = 0;
+    return NULL;
+  }
   if (ok)
     *ok = 1;
   return m;
 }
 
-void file_restore_metadata(const char* path, FileMetadata* metadata) {
+void file_restore_metadata(const char* path, const FileMetadata* metadata) {
   if (metadata == NULL)
     return;
   if (chmod(path, metadata->mode & 07777 & ~(S_ISUID | S_ISGID)) != 0)
     log_message(LOG_LEVEL_WARNING, "Failed to chmod %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
-  if (chown(path, metadata->uid, metadata->gid) != 0)
-    log_message(LOG_LEVEL_WARNING, "Failed to chown %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
+  /* Never apply client-supplied ownership.  The descriptor API below is the
+     receiver write path; retain this legacy API only for compatibility. */
   struct timespec times[2];
   times[0].tv_sec = 0;
   times[0].tv_nsec = UTIME_OMIT;
@@ -176,3 +187,17 @@ void file_restore_metadata(const char* path, FileMetadata* metadata) {
   if (utimensat(AT_FDCWD, path, times, 0) != 0)
     log_message(LOG_LEVEL_WARNING, "Failed to set timestamps on %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
 }
+
+bool file_restore_metadata_fd(int fd, const FileMetadata* metadata) {
+  if (fd < 0 || metadata == NULL)
+    return metadata == NULL;
+  bool ok = true;
+  if (fchmod(fd, metadata->mode & 07777 & ~(S_ISUID | S_ISGID)) != 0)
+    ok = false;
+  /* Client uid/gid values are deliberately not authoritative. */
+  struct timespec times[2] = {{.tv_sec = 0, .tv_nsec = UTIME_OMIT},
+                              {.tv_sec = metadata->mtime_sec, .tv_nsec = metadata->mtime_nsec}};
+  if (futimens(fd, times) != 0)
+    ok = false;
+  return ok;
+}

src/shared/metadata.h

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ void metadata_to_buf(char** buf, const FileMetadata* m);
 FileMetadata* metadata_from_buf(char** buf);
 bool metadata_send(int file_descriptor, FileMetadata* m);
 FileMetadata* metadata_receive(int file_descriptor, int* ok);
-void file_restore_metadata(const char* path, FileMetadata* metadata);
+void file_restore_metadata(const char* path, const FileMetadata* metadata);
+bool file_restore_metadata_fd(int fd, const FileMetadata* metadata);
 
 #endif

src/shared/multiprocessing.c

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "multiprocessing.h"
+
 #include "array_list.h"
 #include "chunk.h"
 #include "config.h"
@@ -13,6 +14,10 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <threads.h>
 
+static bool valid_batch_path(const char* path) {
+  return path && path[0] != '\0' && path[0] != '/' && !has_path_traversal(path);
+}
+
 PipelineContextSender* pipeline_context_sender_create(Config* config, Queue* queue_scanner,
                                                       Queue* queue_loader) {
   PipelineContextSender* context = malloc(sizeof(PipelineContextSender));
@@ -26,7 +31,7 @@ PipelineContextSender* pipeline_context_sender_create(Config* config, Queue* que
   context->manifest = NULL;
   context->progress_bytes = 0;
   context->sender_done = false;
-  context->cancelled = false;
+  atomic_init(&context->cancelled, false);
   int init = 0;
   if (mtx_init(&context->mutex_scanner, mtx_plain) != thrd_success)
     goto fail;
@@ -97,7 +102,7 @@ PipelineContextReceiver* pipeline_context_receiver_create(Config* config, Queue*
   context->file_descriptor = file_descriptor;
   context->ssl = ssl;
   context->receiver_done = false;
-  context->cancelled = false;
+  atomic_init(&context->cancelled, false);
   int init = 0;
   if (mtx_init(&context->mutex, mtx_plain) != thrd_success)
     goto fail;
@@ -152,7 +157,21 @@ static bool receive_chunk_enqueue(int file_descriptor, PipelineContextReceiver*
   return true;
 }
 
+static void receiver_thread_fail(PipelineContextReceiver* context) {
+  mtx_lock(&context->mutex);
+  atomic_store(&context->cancelled, true);
+  context->receiver_done = true;
+  cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_empty);
+  cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_full);
+  mtx_unlock(&context->mutex);
+}
+
 int receive_thread(void* pipeline_context) {
+#define RECEIVE_THREAD_FAIL()                                                                      \
+  do {                                                                                             \
+    receiver_thread_fail(context);                                                                 \
+    return thrd_error;                                                                             \
+  } while (0)
   PipelineContextReceiver* context = (PipelineContextReceiver*)pipeline_context;
   if (context->ssl)
     io_set_ssl(context->ssl);
@@ -163,57 +182,63 @@ int receive_thread(void* pipeline_context) {
 
   Status status;
   if (!receive_status(file_descriptor, &status))
-    return thrd_error;
+    RECEIVE_THREAD_FAIL();
   while (status == STATUS_NEXT || status == STATUS_CHUNK || status == STATUS_CHECK ||
          status == STATUS_KEEPALIVE || status == STATUS_ABORT || status == STATUS_CHECK_BATCH) {
     if (status == STATUS_KEEPALIVE) {
-      send_status(file_descriptor, STATUS_KEEPALIVE);
+      if (!send_status(file_descriptor, STATUS_KEEPALIVE))
+        RECEIVE_THREAD_FAIL();
       goto next;
     }
     if (status == STATUS_ABORT) {
       log_message(LOG_LEVEL_INFO, "Received abort from client, cleaning up");
-      return thrd_error;
+      RECEIVE_THREAD_FAIL();
     }
     if (status == STATUS_CHECK) {
       bool skipped;
       File* file = receive_incremental_check(file_descriptor, config, &skipped);
       if (!skipped) {
         if (file == NULL)
-          return thrd_error;
+          RECEIVE_THREAD_FAIL();
         if (!queue_enqueue_multithreaded_cancel(
                 context->queue, file, &context->mutex, &context->condition_not_empty,
                 &context->condition_not_full, &context->cancelled)) {
           file_destroy(file);
-          return thrd_error;
+          RECEIVE_THREAD_FAIL();
         }
       }
     } else if (status == STATUS_CHUNK) {
       if (!receive_chunk_enqueue(file_descriptor, context))
-        return thrd_error;
+        RECEIVE_THREAD_FAIL();
     } else if (status == STATUS_CHECK_BATCH) {
       int count;
-      if (!receive_int(file_descriptor, &count))
-        return thrd_error;
+      if (config->checksum || !receive_int(file_descriptor, &count) || count < 0 ||
+          count > MAX_MANIFEST_ENTRIES)
+        RECEIVE_THREAD_FAIL();
       for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
         char* check_path = receive_str(file_descriptor);
         if (!check_path)
-          return thrd_error;
+          RECEIVE_THREAD_FAIL();
         unsigned long long check_size;
         long long check_mtime;
         if (!receive_n_data(file_descriptor, &check_size, sizeof(check_size)) ||
             !receive_n_data(file_descriptor, &check_mtime, sizeof(check_mtime))) {
           free(check_path);
-          return thrd_error;
+          RECEIVE_THREAD_FAIL();
+        }
+        if (!valid_batch_path(check_path)) {
+          free(check_path);
+          if (!send_status(file_descriptor, STATUS_ERROR))
+            RECEIVE_THREAD_FAIL();
+          RECEIVE_THREAD_FAIL();
         }
         char* full_path = path_cat(config->receive_root_directory, check_path);
         struct stat st;
         bool has_old = full_path && lstat(full_path, &st) == 0;
         bool match = has_old && (unsigned long long)st.st_size == check_size &&
                      (long long)st.st_mtime == check_mtime;
-        if (match)
-          send_status(file_descriptor, STATUS_OK);
-        else
-          send_status(file_descriptor, STATUS_NEXT);
+        if (!send_status(file_descriptor, match ? STATUS_OK : STATUS_NEXT))
+          RECEIVE_THREAD_FAIL();
         free(full_path);
         free(check_path);
       }
@@ -225,25 +250,29 @@ int receive_thread(void* pipeline_context) {
                 context->queue, file, &context->mutex, &context->condition_not_empty,
                 &context->condition_not_full, &context->cancelled)) {
           file_destroy(file);
+          receiver_thread_fail(context);
           return thrd_error;
         }
       } else {
         log_message(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, "Failed to receive file");
-        return thrd_error;
+        RECEIVE_THREAD_FAIL();
       }
     }
   next:
     if (!receive_status(file_descriptor, &status))
-      return thrd_error;
+      RECEIVE_THREAD_FAIL();
   }
   if (status == STATUS_MANIFEST) {
     if (receive_manifest(file_descriptor, config, &status) != 0)
-      return thrd_error;
+      RECEIVE_THREAD_FAIL();
   }
+  if (status != STATUS_FINISHED)
+    RECEIVE_THREAD_FAIL();
   mtx_lock(&context->mutex);
   context->receiver_done = true;
   cnd_signal(&context->condition_not_empty);
   mtx_unlock(&context->mutex);
+#undef RECEIVE_THREAD_FAIL
   return thrd_success;
 }
 
@@ -264,8 +293,17 @@ int write_thread(void* pipeline_context) {
       free(root_directory);
       return thrd_success;
     }
-    if (save_to_disk)
-      file_save_to_disk(root_directory, file, context->config);
+    if (save_to_disk && !file_save_to_disk(root_directory, file, context->config)) {
+      file_destroy(file);
+      mtx_lock(&context->mutex);
+      atomic_store(&context->cancelled, true);
+      context->receiver_done = true;
+      cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_full);
+      cnd_broadcast(&context->condition_not_empty);
+      mtx_unlock(&context->mutex);
+      free(root_directory);
+      return thrd_error;
+    }
     file_destroy(file);
   }
 }

src/shared/multiprocessing.h

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #define MULTIPROCESSING_H
 
 #include <threads.h>
+#include <stdatomic.h>
 
 #include "array_list.h"
 #include "config.h"
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ typedef struct {
   mtx_t mutex_progress;
   unsigned long long progress_bytes;
   bool sender_done;
-  bool cancelled;
+  atomic_bool cancelled;
 } PipelineContextSender;
 
 typedef struct PipelineContextReceiver {
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ typedef struct PipelineContextReceiver {
   cnd_t condition_not_full;
   cnd_t condition_not_empty;
   bool receiver_done;
-  bool cancelled;
+  atomic_bool cancelled;
 } PipelineContextReceiver;
 
 PipelineContextSender* pipeline_context_sender_create(Config* config, Queue* queue_scanner,

src/shared/protocol.c

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "protocol.h"
 #include "log.h"
 #include <errno.h>
+#include <limits.h>
 #include <openssl/ssl.h>
 #include <poll.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
@@ -10,7 +11,8 @@
 #include <time.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
-#define RECEIVE_TIMEOUT_SEC 60                        /* 60 second per-message timeout */
+#define RECEIVE_TIMEOUT_SEC 60 /* 60 second per-message timeout */
+#define SEND_TIMEOUT_SEC 60
 #define MAX_CONNECTION_MEMORY (1024ULL * 1024 * 1024) /* 1 GB total per connection */
 
 static __thread int io_read_fd = -1;
@@ -28,6 +30,10 @@ static __thread unsigned long long total_allocated_bytes = 0;
 void io_set_fds(int read_fd, int write_fd) {
   io_read_fd = read_fd;
   io_write_fd = write_fd;
+  /* A descriptor switch starts a new transport; never reuse a TLS object
+     belonging to a previous connection or test pipe. */
+  io_ssl = NULL;
+  total_allocated_bytes = 0;
 }
 
 static void bw_mutex_init(void) {
@@ -87,14 +93,39 @@ static int io_fd(int dir_fd, int file_descriptor) {
   return (dir_fd != -1) ? dir_fd : file_descriptor;
 }
 
+static int deadline_remaining_ms(const struct timespec* deadline) {
+  struct timespec now;
+  clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
+  long long ns =
+      (long long)(deadline->tv_sec - now.tv_sec) * 1000000000LL + deadline->tv_nsec - now.tv_nsec;
+  if (ns <= 0)
+    return 0;
+  long long ms = (ns + 999999) / 1000000;
+  return ms > INT_MAX ? INT_MAX : (int)ms;
+}
+
 bool send_n_data(int file_descriptor, const void* data, size_t data_size) {
   log_message(LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG, "    Sending n Data: %zu", data_size);
   int fd = io_fd(io_write_fd, file_descriptor);
+  struct timespec deadline;
+  clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &deadline);
+  deadline.tv_sec += SEND_TIMEOUT_SEC;
+  short wait_events = POLLOUT;
   ssize_t total_bytes_send = 0;
   while ((size_t)total_bytes_send < data_size) {
     size_t chunk = data_size - total_bytes_send;
     if (io_bwlimit > 0 && chunk > 65536)
       chunk = 65536;
+    struct pollfd pfd = {.fd = fd, .events = wait_events};
+    int poll_result = poll(&pfd, 1, deadline_remaining_ms(&deadline));
+    if (poll_result == 0 || (poll_result < 0 && errno != EINTR)) {
+      log_message(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, "Send timeout or poll failure");
+      return false;
+    }
+    if (poll_result < 0)
+      continue;
+    if (pfd.revents & (POLLERR | POLLNVAL))
+      return false;
     ssize_t bytes_send;
     if (io_ssl)
       bytes_send = SSL_write(io_ssl, (const char*)data + total_bytes_send, chunk);
@@ -103,8 +134,10 @@ bool send_n_data(int file_descriptor, const void* data, size_t data_size) {
     if (bytes_send <= 0) {
       if (io_ssl) {
         int ssl_err = SSL_get_error(io_ssl, (int)bytes_send);
-        if (ssl_err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE || ssl_err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ)
+        if (ssl_err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE || ssl_err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ) {
+          wait_events = ssl_err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE ? POLLOUT : POLLIN;
           continue;
+        }
       }
       log_message(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, "Could not send data");
       return false;
@@ -125,14 +158,22 @@ bool receive_n_data(int file_descriptor, void* data, size_t data_size) {
   deadline.tv_sec += RECEIVE_TIMEOUT_SEC;
 
   size_t total_bytes_received = 0;
+  short wait_events = POLLIN;
   while (total_bytes_received < data_size) {
-    struct timespec now;
-    clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
-    if (now.tv_sec > deadline.tv_sec ||
-        (now.tv_sec == deadline.tv_sec && now.tv_nsec > deadline.tv_nsec)) {
+    struct pollfd pfd = {.fd = fd, .events = wait_events};
+    int poll_result = poll(&pfd, 1, deadline_remaining_ms(&deadline));
+    if (poll_result == 0) {
       log_message(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, "Receive timeout after %ds", RECEIVE_TIMEOUT_SEC);
       return false;
     }
+    if (poll_result < 0) {
+      if (errno == EINTR)
+        continue;
+      return false;
+    }
+    /* POLLHUP may accompany the final readable bytes on pipes/sockets. */
+    if (pfd.revents & (POLLERR | POLLNVAL))
+      return false;
 
     ssize_t bytes_received;
     if (io_ssl)
@@ -144,8 +185,10 @@ bool receive_n_data(int file_descriptor, void* data, size_t data_size) {
     if (bytes_received <= 0) {
       if (io_ssl) {
         int ssl_err = SSL_get_error(io_ssl, (int)bytes_received);
-        if (ssl_err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE || ssl_err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ)
+        if (ssl_err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE || ssl_err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ) {
+          wait_events = ssl_err == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE ? POLLOUT : POLLIN;
           continue;
+        }
       }
       if (bytes_received == 0)
         log_message(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, "Connection closed while receiving data");
@@ -204,7 +247,8 @@ char* receive_str(int file_descriptor) {
   size_t size;
   if (!receive_n_data(file_descriptor, &size, sizeof(size_t)))
     return NULL;
-  if (size > MAX_STRING_SIZE) {
+  if (size > MAX_STRING_SIZE || size > SIZE_MAX - 1 ||
+      size + 1 > MAX_CONNECTION_MEMORY - total_allocated_bytes) {
     log_message(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, "String size %zu exceeds maximum %llu", size,
                 (unsigned long long)MAX_STRING_SIZE);
     return NULL;
@@ -217,6 +261,7 @@ char* receive_str(int file_descriptor) {
     return NULL;
   }
   data[size] = '\0';
+  total_allocated_bytes += size + 1;
   log_message(LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG, "Received String: %s", data);
   return data;
 }
@@ -240,22 +285,28 @@ Data* receive_data(int file_descriptor) {
                 (unsigned long long)MAX_DATA_PAYLOAD_SIZE);
     return NULL;
   }
-  if (total_allocated_bytes + size > MAX_CONNECTION_MEMORY) {
+  size_t allocation_size = size == 0 ? 1 : (size_t)size;
+  if (allocation_size > MAX_CONNECTION_MEMORY - total_allocated_bytes) {
     log_message(LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, "Per-connection memory limit exceeded (%llu + %llu > %llu)",
                 (unsigned long long)total_allocated_bytes, size,
                 (unsigned long long)MAX_CONNECTION_MEMORY);
     return NULL;
   }
-  void* data = malloc((size_t)size);
+  void* data = malloc(allocation_size);
   if (data == NULL)
     return NULL;
   if (!receive_n_data(file_descriptor, data, (size_t)size)) {
     free(data);
     return NULL;
   }
-  total_allocated_bytes += size;
+  total_allocated_bytes += allocation_size;
   log_message(LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG, "Received %lld data", size);
-  return data_create(data, (size_t)size);
+  Data* result = data_create(data, (size_t)size);
+  if (!result) {
+    free(data);
+    total_allocated_bytes -= allocation_size;
+  }
+  return result;
 }
 
 bool send_int(int file_descriptor, int data) {

src/shared/protocol.h

@@ -13,6 +13,9 @@
 
 /* Maximum chunk size (64 MB) — prevents unbounded allocation from the wire */
 #define MAX_CHUNK_SIZE (64ULL * 1024 * 1024)
+#define MAX_MANIFEST_ENTRIES (1024 * 1024)
+/* Aggregate bytes retained by one received deletion manifest. */
+#define MAX_MANIFEST_BYTES (16ULL * 1024 * 1024)
 
 typedef struct ssl_st SSL;
 

src/shared/queue.c

@@ -1,148 +1,154 @@
-#include <stdbool.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <threads.h>
-
-#include "queue.h"
-
-Queue* queue_create(int capacity, void (*destroyer)(void* item)) {
-  Queue* queue = (Queue*)malloc(sizeof(Queue));
-  if (queue == NULL) {
-    perror("ERROR: Could not allocate memory for queue structure");
-    return NULL;
-  }
-
-  queue->items = malloc(capacity * sizeof(void*));
-  if (queue->items == NULL) {
-    free(queue);
-    return NULL;
-  }
-
-  for (int i = 0; i < capacity; ++i) {
-    queue->items[i] = NULL;
-  }
-
-  queue->capacity = capacity;
-  queue->front = 0;
-  queue->rear = 0;
-  queue->size = 0;
-  queue->item_destroyer = destroyer;
-
-  return queue;
-}
-
-void queue_destroy(Queue* queue) {
-  if (queue == NULL)
-    return;
-
-  if (queue->item_destroyer != NULL) {
-    for (int i = 0; i < queue->size; ++i) {
-      int index = (queue->front + i) % queue->capacity;
-      queue->item_destroyer(queue->items[index]);
-    }
-  }
-  free(queue->items);
-  free(queue);
-}
-
-bool queue_is_empty(const Queue* queue) {
-  if (queue == NULL)
-    return true;
-  return queue->size == 0;
-}
-
-bool queue_is_full(const Queue* queue) {
-  if (queue == NULL)
-    return false;
-  return queue->size == queue->capacity;
-}
-
-static bool queue_double_capacity(Queue* queue) {
-  if (queue == NULL)
-    return false;
-  unsigned int new_capacity = queue->capacity * 2;
-  if (new_capacity <= 1)
-    new_capacity = 100;
-  void** new_items = malloc(new_capacity * sizeof(void*));
-  if (new_items == NULL) {
-    perror("ERROR: Could not allocate memory for doubling capacity of queue.");
-    return false;
-  }
-  for (int i = 0; i < queue->size; i++)
-    new_items[i] = queue->items[(i + queue->front) % queue->capacity];
-  free(queue->items);
-  queue->items = new_items;
-  queue->front = 0;
-  queue->rear = queue->size;
-  queue->capacity = new_capacity;
-  return true;
-}
-
-bool queue_enqueue(Queue* queue, void* item) {
-  if (queue == NULL || item == NULL)
-    return false;
-  if (queue_is_full(queue)) {
-    if (!queue_double_capacity(queue))
-      return false;
-  }
-  queue->items[queue->rear] = item;
-  queue->rear = (queue->rear + 1) % queue->capacity;
-  queue->size++;
-  return true;
-}
-
-bool queue_enqueue_multithreaded(Queue* queue, void* item, mtx_t* mutex, cnd_t* condition_not_empty,
-                                 cnd_t* condition_not_full) {
-  mtx_lock(mutex);
-  while (queue_is_full(queue))
-    cnd_wait(condition_not_full, mutex);
-  bool ok = queue_enqueue(queue, item);
-  cnd_signal(condition_not_empty);
-  mtx_unlock(mutex);
-  return ok;
-}
-
-bool queue_enqueue_multithreaded_cancel(Queue* queue, void* item, mtx_t* mutex,
-                                        cnd_t* condition_not_empty, cnd_t* condition_not_full,
-                                        const bool* cancelled) {
-  mtx_lock(mutex);
-  while (queue_is_full(queue) && (cancelled == NULL || !*cancelled))
-    cnd_wait(condition_not_full, mutex);
-  if (cancelled != NULL && *cancelled) {
-    mtx_unlock(mutex);
-    return false;
-  }
-  bool ok = queue_enqueue(queue, item);
-  cnd_signal(condition_not_empty);
-  mtx_unlock(mutex);
-  return ok;
-}
-
-void* queue_dequeue(Queue* queue) {
-  if (queue == NULL || queue_is_empty(queue)) {
-    perror("ERROR: Could not dequeue from null or empty queue.");
-    return NULL;
-  }
-
-  void* item = queue->items[queue->front];
-  queue->items[queue->front] = NULL;
-  queue->front = (queue->front + 1) % queue->capacity;
-  queue->size--;
-  return item;
-}
-
-void* queue_dequeue_multithreaded(Queue* queue, mtx_t* mutex, cnd_t* condition_not_empty,
-                                  cnd_t* condition_not_full, const bool* other_thread_done) {
-  mtx_lock(mutex);
-  while (queue_is_empty(queue) && !*other_thread_done)
-    cnd_wait(condition_not_empty, mutex);
-  if (queue_is_empty(queue) && *other_thread_done) {
-    mtx_unlock(mutex);
-    return NULL;
-  }
-  void* item = queue_dequeue(queue);
-  cnd_signal(condition_not_full);
-  mtx_unlock(mutex);
-  return item;
-}
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <threads.h>
+
+#include "queue.h"
+
+Queue* queue_create(int capacity, void (*destroyer)(void* item)) {
+  if (capacity <= 0)
+    return NULL;
+
+  Queue* queue = (Queue*)malloc(sizeof(Queue));
+  if (queue == NULL) {
+    perror("ERROR: Could not allocate memory for queue structure");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  queue->items = malloc(capacity * sizeof(void*));
+  if (queue->items == NULL) {
+    free(queue);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < capacity; ++i) {
+    queue->items[i] = NULL;
+  }
+
+  queue->capacity = capacity;
+  queue->front = 0;
+  queue->rear = 0;
+  queue->size = 0;
+  queue->item_destroyer = destroyer;
+
+  return queue;
+}
+
+void queue_destroy(Queue* queue) {
+  if (queue == NULL)
+    return;
+
+  if (queue->item_destroyer != NULL) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < queue->size; ++i) {
+      int index = (queue->front + i) % queue->capacity;
+      queue->item_destroyer(queue->items[index]);
+    }
+  }
+  free(queue->items);
+  free(queue);
+}
+
+bool queue_is_empty(const Queue* queue) {
+  if (queue == NULL)
+    return true;
+  return queue->size == 0;
+}
+
+bool queue_is_full(const Queue* queue) {
+  if (queue == NULL)
+    return false;
+  return queue->size == queue->capacity;
+}
+
+static bool queue_double_capacity(Queue* queue) {
+  if (queue == NULL)
+    return false;
+  if (queue->capacity > INT_MAX / 2)
+    return false;
+  int new_capacity = queue->capacity * 2;
+  if (new_capacity <= 1)
+    new_capacity = 100;
+  void** new_items = malloc(new_capacity * sizeof(void*));
+  if (new_items == NULL) {
+    perror("ERROR: Could not allocate memory for doubling capacity of queue.");
+    return false;
+  }
+  for (int i = 0; i < queue->size; i++)
+    new_items[i] = queue->items[(i + queue->front) % queue->capacity];
+  free(queue->items);
+  queue->items = new_items;
+  queue->front = 0;
+  queue->rear = queue->size;
+  queue->capacity = new_capacity;
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool queue_enqueue(Queue* queue, void* item) {
+  if (queue == NULL || item == NULL)
+    return false;
+  if (queue_is_full(queue)) {
+    if (!queue_double_capacity(queue))
+      return false;
+  }
+  queue->items[queue->rear] = item;
+  queue->rear = (queue->rear + 1) % queue->capacity;
+  queue->size++;
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool queue_enqueue_multithreaded(Queue* queue, void* item, mtx_t* mutex, cnd_t* condition_not_empty,
+                                 cnd_t* condition_not_full) {
+  mtx_lock(mutex);
+  while (queue_is_full(queue))
+    cnd_wait(condition_not_full, mutex);
+  bool ok = queue_enqueue(queue, item);
+  cnd_signal(condition_not_empty);
+  mtx_unlock(mutex);
+  return ok;
+}
+
+bool queue_enqueue_multithreaded_cancel(Queue* queue, void* item, mtx_t* mutex,
+                                        cnd_t* condition_not_empty, cnd_t* condition_not_full,
+                                        const atomic_bool* cancelled) {
+  mtx_lock(mutex);
+  while (queue_is_full(queue) && (cancelled == NULL || !atomic_load(cancelled)))
+    cnd_wait(condition_not_full, mutex);
+  if (cancelled != NULL && atomic_load(cancelled)) {
+    mtx_unlock(mutex);
+    return false;
+  }
+  bool ok = queue_enqueue(queue, item);
+  cnd_signal(condition_not_empty);
+  mtx_unlock(mutex);
+  return ok;
+}
+
+void* queue_dequeue(Queue* queue) {
+  if (queue == NULL || queue_is_empty(queue)) {
+    perror("ERROR: Could not dequeue from null or empty queue.");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  void* item = queue->items[queue->front];
+  queue->items[queue->front] = NULL;
+  queue->front = (queue->front + 1) % queue->capacity;
+  queue->size--;
+  return item;
+}
+
+void* queue_dequeue_multithreaded(Queue* queue, mtx_t* mutex, cnd_t* condition_not_empty,
+                                  cnd_t* condition_not_full, const bool* other_thread_done) {
+  mtx_lock(mutex);
+  while (queue_is_empty(queue) && !*other_thread_done)
+    cnd_wait(condition_not_empty, mutex);
+  if (queue_is_empty(queue) && *other_thread_done) {
+    mtx_unlock(mutex);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  void* item = queue_dequeue(queue);
+  cnd_signal(condition_not_full);
+  mtx_unlock(mutex);
+  return item;
+}

src/shared/queue.h

@@ -1,30 +1,31 @@
-#ifndef QUEUE_H
-#define QUEUE_H
-
-#include <stdbool.h>
-#include <threads.h>
-
-typedef struct Queue {
-  void** items;
-  int front;
-  int rear;
-  int size;
-  int capacity;
-  void (*item_destroyer)(void* item);
-} Queue;
-
-Queue* queue_create(int capacity, void (*destroyer)(void* item));
-void queue_destroy(Queue* queue);
-bool queue_is_empty(const Queue* queue);
-bool queue_is_full(const Queue* queue);
-bool queue_enqueue(Queue* queue, void* item);
-bool queue_enqueue_multithreaded(Queue* queue, void* item, mtx_t* mutex, cnd_t* condition_not_empty,
-                                 cnd_t* condition_not_full);
-bool queue_enqueue_multithreaded_cancel(Queue* queue, void* item, mtx_t* mutex,
-                                        cnd_t* condition_not_empty, cnd_t* condition_not_full,
-                                        const bool* cancelled);
-void* queue_dequeue(Queue* queue);
-void* queue_dequeue_multithreaded(Queue* queue, mtx_t* mutex, cnd_t* condition_not_empty,
-                                  cnd_t* condition_not_full, const bool* other_thread_done);
-
-#endif
+#ifndef QUEUE_H
+#define QUEUE_H
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdatomic.h>
+#include <threads.h>
+
+typedef struct Queue {
+  void** items;
+  int front;
+  int rear;
+  int size;
+  int capacity;
+  void (*item_destroyer)(void* item);
+} Queue;
+
+Queue* queue_create(int capacity, void (*destroyer)(void* item));
+void queue_destroy(Queue* queue);
+bool queue_is_empty(const Queue* queue);
+bool queue_is_full(const Queue* queue);
+bool queue_enqueue(Queue* queue, void* item);
+bool queue_enqueue_multithreaded(Queue* queue, void* item, mtx_t* mutex, cnd_t* condition_not_empty,
+                                 cnd_t* condition_not_full);
+bool queue_enqueue_multithreaded_cancel(Queue* queue, void* item, mtx_t* mutex,
+                                        cnd_t* condition_not_empty, cnd_t* condition_not_full,
+                                        const atomic_bool* cancelled);
+void* queue_dequeue(Queue* queue);
+void* queue_dequeue_multithreaded(Queue* queue, mtx_t* mutex, cnd_t* condition_not_empty,
+                                  cnd_t* condition_not_full, const bool* other_thread_done);
+
+#endif

src/shared/transport_tcp.c

@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
 
 static volatile sig_atomic_t g_active_connections = 0;
 
+static void tcp_apply_socket_timeout(int fd);
+
 static void sigchld_handler(int sig) {
   (void)sig;
   int saved_errno = errno;
@@ -93,6 +95,7 @@ static void accept_loop(Server* server, void (*child_fn)(int, void*), void* chil
       perror("Could not accept the connection");
       continue;
     }
+    tcp_apply_socket_timeout(fd);
     if ((unsigned int)g_active_connections >= server->max_connections) {
       log_message(LOG_LEVEL_WARNING, "Max connections (%u) reached, rejecting",
                   server->max_connections);

src/shared/transport_tls.c

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ static SSL_CTX* create_ssl_ctx(bool is_server, const char* cert, const char* key
       SSL_CTX_free(ctx);
       return NULL;
     }
-    SSL_CTX_set_verify(ctx, SSL_VERIFY_PEER, NULL);
+    SSL_CTX_set_verify(ctx, SSL_VERIFY_PEER | SSL_VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT, NULL);
     SSL_CTX_set_verify_depth(ctx, 4);
   } else {
     SSL_CTX_set_verify(ctx, SSL_VERIFY_NONE, NULL);

src/shared/utils.c

@@ -3,12 +3,19 @@
 #include "libgen.h"
 #include <dirent.h>
 #include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
+static int authorized_root_fd = -1;
+
+void utils_set_authorized_root_fd(int fd) {
+  authorized_root_fd = fd;
+}
+
 bool mkdir_r(const char* path) {
   size_t path_len = strlen(path);
   char* path_duplicate = malloc(path_len + 1);
@@ -136,34 +143,43 @@ static bool is_dir_in_manifest(const char* rel_path, ArrayList* manifest) {
   return false;
 }
 
-static void delete_extras_walk(const char* abs_path, const char* rel_path, ArrayList* manifest) {
-  DIR* dir = opendir(abs_path);
-  if (!dir)
-    return;
+static bool delete_extras_fd(int dirfd, const char* rel_path, ArrayList* manifest) {
+  int scanfd = dup(dirfd);
+  if (scanfd < 0)
+    return false;
+  DIR* dir = fdopendir(scanfd);
+  if (!dir) {
+    close(scanfd);
+    return false;
+  }
   bool all_removed = true;
+  bool operation_ok = true;
   const struct dirent* entry;
   while ((entry = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
     if (strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") == 0 || strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") == 0)
       continue;
-    char* child_abs = path_cat((char*)abs_path, entry->d_name);
     char* child_rel = path_cat((char*)rel_path, entry->d_name);
     struct stat st;
-    if (lstat(child_abs, &st) != 0) {
-      free(child_abs);
+    if (fstatat(dirfd, entry->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) != 0) {
       free(child_rel);
       continue;
     }
     // Skip symlinks to prevent following them outside the destination tree
     if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
-      free(child_abs);
       free(child_rel);
       continue;
     }
     if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
-      delete_extras_walk(child_abs, child_rel, manifest);
-      // After recursion, try to remove the subdirectory if it's now empty.
-      // Ignore ENOENT: the recursive call may have already removed it.
-      if (rmdir(child_abs) != 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
+      int childfd = openat(dirfd, entry->d_name, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY | O_NOFOLLOW | O_CLOEXEC);
+      bool child_removed = false;
+      if (childfd >= 0) {
+        child_removed = delete_extras_fd(childfd, child_rel, manifest);
+        close(childfd);
+      }
+      if (child_removed && !is_dir_in_manifest(child_rel, manifest) &&
+          unlinkat(dirfd, entry->d_name, AT_REMOVEDIR) != 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
+        operation_ok = false;
+      } else if (!child_removed) {
         all_removed = false;
       }
     } else {
@@ -176,25 +192,30 @@ static void delete_extras_walk(const char* abs_path, const char* rel_path, Array
         }
       }
       if (!found) {
-        unlink(child_abs);
+        if (unlinkat(dirfd, entry->d_name, 0) != 0 && errno != ENOENT)
+          operation_ok = false;
         fprintf(stderr, "  Deleted: %s\n", child_rel);
       } else {
         all_removed = false;
       }
     }
-    free(child_abs);
     free(child_rel);
   }
   closedir(dir);
-  // Only remove the directory itself if it is not in the manifest
-  // and contained no kept entries.
-  if (all_removed && rel_path[0] != '\0' && !is_dir_in_manifest(rel_path, manifest)) {
-    rmdir(abs_path);
-  }
+  (void)all_removed;
+  return operation_ok;
 }
 
-void delete_extras(const char* dest_root, ArrayList* manifest) {
-  delete_extras_walk(dest_root, "", manifest);
+bool delete_extras(const char* dest_root, ArrayList* manifest) {
+  int rootfd = authorized_root_fd >= 0
+                   ? dup(authorized_root_fd)
+                   : open(dest_root, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY | O_NOFOLLOW | O_CLOEXEC);
+  if (rootfd < 0)
+    return false;
+  bool ok = delete_extras_fd(rootfd, "", manifest);
+  if (close(rootfd) != 0)
+    ok = false;
+  return ok;
 }
 
 bool has_path_traversal(const char* path) {

src/shared/utils.h

@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ bool mkdir_r(const char* path);
 char* str_dup(const char* string);
 char* path_cat(const char* path1, const char* path2);
 bool glob_match(const char* pattern, const char* str);
-void delete_extras(const char* dest_root, ArrayList* manifest);
+bool delete_extras(const char* dest_root, ArrayList* manifest);
+void utils_set_authorized_root_fd(int fd);
 bool has_path_traversal(const char* path);
 
 #endif

tests/integration/test_features.py

@@ -193,6 +193,26 @@ class TestIncremental:
             content = f.read()
         assert b"modified content" in content, f"Modified content not transferred: {content[:50]}"
 
+    def test_checksum_detects_same_size_and_mtime_change(self, shared_server):
+        clean_dir(DEST_DIR)
+        result, _ = run_client(SOURCE_DIR, DEST_DIR, flags=["-M"], port=shared_server.port)
+        assert result.returncode == 0
+
+        received = get_dest_received_dir(DEST_DIR, SOURCE_DIR)
+        source_file = os.path.join(SOURCE_DIR, "small.txt")
+        received_file = os.path.join(received, "small.txt")
+        source_stat = os.stat(source_file)
+        with open(received_file, "wb") as f:
+            f.write(b"different!\n")
+        os.utime(received_file, (source_stat.st_atime, source_stat.st_mtime))
+
+        result, _ = run_client(SOURCE_DIR, DEST_DIR,
+                               flags=["-M", "--incremental", "--checksum"],
+                               port=shared_server.port)
+        assert result.returncode == 0, f"Checksum sync failed: {result.stderr[:200]}"
+        with open(received_file, "rb") as f:
+            assert f.read() == b"hello world\n"
+
 
 class TestDelete:
     def test_delete_removes_extra_files(self, shared_server):
@@ -220,8 +240,10 @@ class TestDelete:
         )
 
         assert result.returncode == 0, f"Delete sync failed: {(result.stderr or result.stdout)[:200]}"
-        assert not os.path.exists(extra_file), "extra_file.txt should be deleted"
-        assert not os.path.exists(extra_dir), "extra_dir should be deleted"
+        # The default server policy intentionally refuses client-requested
+        # deletion unless it is started with --allow-delete.
+        assert os.path.exists(extra_file), "unauthorized delete removed an extra file"
+        assert os.path.exists(extra_dir), "unauthorized delete removed an extra directory"
 
         mismatches, missing = verify_transfer(SOURCE_DIR, received)
         assert not missing, f"Missing: {missing}"
@@ -238,7 +260,8 @@ class TestProgress:
         )
         assert result.returncode == 0, f"Exit {result.returncode}: {result.stderr[:100]}"
         output = result.stdout + result.stderr
-        assert output, "--progress produced no output"
+        assert "Sent " in output and "MB" in output, "--progress produced no stable byte marker"
+        assert "Done." in output, "--progress did not report completion"
 
 
 class TestBandwidthLimit:

tests/integration/test_ssh.py

@@ -4,52 +4,51 @@ import shutil
 import subprocess
 import sys
 import pytest
+import shlex
+import tempfile
+import shutil
 
 sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(__file__))
-from common import (
-    PROJECT_ROOT, BUILD_DIR, TEST_DATA_DIR,
-    CLIENT_CMD, generate_test_files, verify_transfer, clean_dir, make_result,
-)
+from common import (PROJECT_ROOT, BUILD_DIR, TEST_DATA_DIR, CLIENT_CMD,
+                    generate_test_files, verify_transfer, clean_dir, make_result,
+                    get_dest_received_dir)
 
 SOURCE_DIR = os.path.join(TEST_DATA_DIR, "ssh_source")
 DEST_DIR = os.path.join(TEST_DATA_DIR, "ssh_dest")
 SSH_AVAILABLE = False
+SSH_SKIP_REASON = "SSH localhost probe was not run"
+SSH_PROBE_DIR = None
 
 
 def _check_ssh():
-    global SSH_AVAILABLE
+    global SSH_AVAILABLE, SSH_SKIP_REASON, SSH_PROBE_DIR
+    server_path = os.path.join(BUILD_DIR, "server")
+    if not os.path.isfile(server_path):
+        SSH_SKIP_REASON = f"current server binary is missing: {server_path}"
+        return
     try:
-        r = subprocess.run(
-            ["ssh", "-o", "BatchMode=yes", "-o", "ConnectTimeout=5",
-             "localhost", "which", "fastsync-server"],
-            capture_output=True, timeout=10,
-        )
-        if r.returncode == 0:
+        SSH_PROBE_DIR = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix="fastsync-ssh-probe-")
+        probe_server = os.path.join(SSH_PROBE_DIR, "fastsync-server")
+        os.symlink(server_path, probe_server)
+        command = f"{shlex.quote(probe_server)} --help"
+        path = subprocess.run(["ssh", "-o", "BatchMode=yes", "-o", "ConnectTimeout=5",
+                               "localhost", "sh", "-c", command],
+                              capture_output=True, timeout=10, text=True)
+        if path.returncode != 0:
+            SSH_SKIP_REASON = "SSH to localhost is unavailable or current server probe failed"
+            return
+        if "FastSync Server" in path.stdout:
             SSH_AVAILABLE = True
             return
-
-        # Try to install server binary into PATH
-        server_path = os.path.join(BUILD_DIR, "server")
-        r = subprocess.run(
-            ["ssh", "-o", "BatchMode=yes", "localhost", 'echo "$PATH"'],
-            capture_output=True, timeout=10, text=True,
-        )
-        if r.returncode != 0:
-            return
-        for d in r.stdout.strip().split(":"):
-            d = d.strip()
-            if not d or "wrappers" in d:
-                continue
-            test = subprocess.run(
-                ["ssh", "-o", "BatchMode=yes", "localhost",
-                 f'test -w "{d}" && ln -sf {server_path} "{d}/fastsync-server" && which fastsync-server'],
-                capture_output=True, timeout=10,
-            )
-            if test.returncode == 0:
-                SSH_AVAILABLE = True
-                return
+        SSH_SKIP_REASON = "SSH probe did not execute the current server binary"
     except FileNotFoundError:
-        pass
+        SSH_SKIP_REASON = "ssh executable is unavailable"
+    except (OSError, subprocess.TimeoutExpired) as exc:
+        SSH_SKIP_REASON = f"SSH setup failed: {exc}"
+    finally:
+        if SSH_PROBE_DIR:
+            shutil.rmtree(SSH_PROBE_DIR, ignore_errors=True)
+            SSH_PROBE_DIR = None
 
 
 _check_ssh()
@@ -65,18 +64,17 @@ def setup_test_data():
 
 
 def _run_ssh_test(name, flags, expected_missing=None):
-    """Run an SSH test case (no server process needed, client spawns SSH)."""
     ssh_dest = f"localhost:{DEST_DIR}"
     clean_dir(DEST_DIR)
-    cmd = CLIENT_CMD + [SOURCE_DIR, ssh_dest, "--save-to-disk"] + flags
+    cmd = CLIENT_CMD + [SOURCE_DIR, ssh_dest, "--save-to-disk",
+                        "--fastsync-server-path", os.path.join(BUILD_DIR, "server")] + flags
     start = __import__("time").monotonic()
     result = subprocess.run(cmd, text=True, capture_output=True)
     duration = __import__("time").monotonic() - start
-
     if result.returncode != 0:
-        return make_result(name, False, duration, f"Exit {result.returncode}: {(result.stderr or result.stdout)[:100]}")
-
-    mismatches, missing = verify_transfer(SOURCE_DIR, DEST_DIR)
+        return make_result(name, False, duration,
+                           f"Exit {result.returncode}: {(result.stderr or result.stdout)[:100]}")
+    mismatches, missing = verify_transfer(SOURCE_DIR, get_dest_received_dir(DEST_DIR, SOURCE_DIR))
     if expected_missing:
         missing = [m for m in missing if m not in expected_missing]
     if missing:
@@ -90,7 +88,7 @@ class TestSSHStandard:
     @pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
     def require_ssh(self):
         if not SSH_AVAILABLE:
-            pytest.skip("SSH to localhost not available")
+            pytest.skip(SSH_SKIP_REASON)
 
     def test_standard(self):
         r = _run_ssh_test("SSH (localhost)", [])
@@ -129,7 +127,7 @@ class TestSSHFeatures:
     @pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
     def require_ssh(self):
         if not SSH_AVAILABLE:
-            pytest.skip("SSH to localhost not available")
+            pytest.skip(SSH_SKIP_REASON)
 
     def test_archive(self):
         r = _run_ssh_test("SSH Archive (-a)", ["-a"])
@@ -137,6 +135,5 @@ class TestSSHFeatures:
 
     def test_exclude(self):
         r = _run_ssh_test("SSH Exclude (--exclude small.txt)",
-                          ["--exclude", "small.txt"],
-                          expected_missing=["small.txt"])
+                          ["--exclude", "small.txt"], expected_missing=["small.txt"])
         assert r["status"] == "Success", r["error"]

tests/runner.c

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include "test_transport_tls.h"
 #include "test_utils.h"
 #include <stdio.h>
+#include <signal.h>
 
 // Define global test state variables
 int tests_run = 0;
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ int tests_failed = 0;
 bool current_test_failed = false;
 
 int main() {
+  signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
   printf("\033[1;36m=== RUNNING UNIT TESTS ===\033[0m\n\n");
 
   RUN_TEST(test_queue);

tests/test_delta.c

@@ -35,6 +35,10 @@ static void test_xxhash32_different_data() {
   EXPECT_TRUE(ha != hb);
 }
 
+static void test_xxhash64_different_data() {
+  EXPECT_TRUE(delta_xxhash64("AAAA", 4) != delta_xxhash64("BBBB", 4));
+}
+
 static void test_signature_roundtrip() {
   char old_data[4096];
   for (int i = 0; i < 4096; i++)
@@ -344,6 +348,7 @@ void test_delta() {
   test_adler32_different_data();
   test_xxhash32_basic();
   test_xxhash32_different_data();
+  test_xxhash64_different_data();
   test_signature_roundtrip();
   test_delta_identical_files();
   test_delta_small_edit();

tests/test_file.c

@@ -126,6 +126,29 @@ static void test_to_disk_creates_dirs() {
   rmdir("test_nested_tmp");
 }
 
+static void test_to_disk_does_not_follow_symlink() {
+  const char* outside = "test_to_disk_outside.txt";
+  const char* link = "test_to_disk_link.txt";
+  const char* content = "confined";
+  unlink(outside);
+  unlink(link);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(to_disk(outside, "outside", 7, false, false));
+  EXPECT_EQ_INT(symlink(outside, link), 0);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(to_disk(link, content, strlen(content), false, false));
+  FILE* fp = fopen(outside, "rb");
+  char buf[16] = {0};
+  EXPECT_NOT_NULL(fp);
+  // cppcheck-suppress knownConditionTrueFalse
+  if (!fp)
+    return;
+  size_t read_count = fread(buf, 1, sizeof(buf) - 1, fp);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(read_count <= sizeof(buf) - 1);
+  fclose(fp);
+  EXPECT_EQ_STR(buf, "outside");
+  unlink(outside);
+  unlink(link);
+}
+
 static void test_file_content_to_buffer() {
   const char* content = "Buffer content test";
   EXPECT_TRUE(to_disk("test_buffer_file.txt", content, strlen(content), false, false));
@@ -434,6 +457,7 @@ void test_file() {
   test_file_save_to_disk();
   test_to_disk_basic();
   test_to_disk_creates_dirs();
+  test_to_disk_does_not_follow_symlink();
   test_file_content_to_buffer();
   test_file_save_to_disk_path_traversal();
   test_file_save_to_disk_deep_traversal();

tests/test_metadata.c

@@ -109,6 +109,19 @@ static void test_metadata_send_null() {
   close(p[1]);
 }
 
+static void test_metadata_rejects_invalid_values() {
+  int p[2];
+  EXPECT_EQ_INT(pipe(p), 0);
+  io_set_fds(p[0], p[1]);
+  int32_t present = 2;
+  EXPECT_TRUE(send_n_data(p[1], &present, sizeof(present)));
+  int ok = 1;
+  EXPECT_NULL(metadata_receive(p[0], &ok));
+  EXPECT_EQ_INT(ok, 0);
+  close(p[0]);
+  close(p[1]);
+}
+
 static void test_file_restore_metadata() {
   const char* path = "temp_meta_restore_test.txt";
   const char* content = "test content";
@@ -137,5 +150,6 @@ void test_metadata() {
   test_metadata_from_buf_null();
   test_metadata_send_receive_roundtrip();
   test_metadata_send_null();
+  test_metadata_rejects_invalid_values();
   test_file_restore_metadata();
 }

tests/test_multiprocessing.c

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ static void test_sender_queue_capacities() {
   pipeline_context_sender_destroy(ctx);
 }
 
-/* Test that create handles zero-capacity queues */
+/* Invalid queue capacities must not create unusable pipeline queues. */
 static void test_sender_zero_capacity() {
   Config* cfg = config_create();
   EXPECT_NOT_NULL(cfg);
@@ -91,13 +91,13 @@ static void test_sender_zero_capacity() {
   cfg->send_directory = str_dup("/src");
   cfg->receive_root_directory = str_dup("/dst");
 
-  Queue* q1 = queue_create(0, NULL);
-  Queue* q2 = queue_create(0, NULL);
-  PipelineContextSender* ctx = pipeline_context_sender_create(cfg, q1, q2);
-  EXPECT_NOT_NULL(ctx);
-  EXPECT_EQ_INT(ctx->queue_scanner->capacity, 0);
-  EXPECT_EQ_INT(ctx->queue_loader->capacity, 0);
-  pipeline_context_sender_destroy(ctx);
+  // cppcheck-suppress constVariablePointer
+  Queue* const q1 = queue_create(0, NULL);
+  // cppcheck-suppress constVariablePointer
+  Queue* const q2 = queue_create(0, NULL);
+  EXPECT_NULL(q1);
+  EXPECT_NULL(q2);
+  config_delete(cfg);
 }
 
 /* Test receiver with zero file_descriptor */
@@ -168,6 +168,41 @@ static void test_receive_thread_finished() {
   }
 }
 
+/* A malformed terminal status must wake a writer waiting on an empty queue. */
+static void test_receive_thread_failure_wakes_writer() {
+  Config* cfg = config_create();
+  EXPECT_NOT_NULL(cfg);
+  free(cfg->version);
+  cfg->version = str_dup(PROTOCOL_VERSION);
+  cfg->send_directory = str_dup("/src");
+  cfg->receive_root_directory = str_dup("/tmp/dst");
+
+  int p[2];
+  EXPECT_EQ_INT(pipe(p), 0);
+  Queue* q = queue_create(1, file_destroy);
+  EXPECT_NOT_NULL(q);
+  PipelineContextReceiver* ctx = pipeline_context_receiver_create(cfg, q, p[0], NULL);
+  EXPECT_NOT_NULL(ctx);
+
+  thrd_t receiver;
+  thrd_t writer;
+  EXPECT_EQ_INT(thrd_create(&writer, write_thread, ctx), thrd_success);
+  EXPECT_EQ_INT(thrd_create(&receiver, receive_thread, ctx), thrd_success);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(send_status(p[1], STATUS_OK));
+  close(p[1]);
+
+  int receiver_result;
+  int writer_result;
+  EXPECT_EQ_INT(thrd_join(receiver, &receiver_result), thrd_success);
+  EXPECT_EQ_INT(thrd_join(writer, &writer_result), thrd_success);
+  EXPECT_EQ_INT(receiver_result, thrd_error);
+  EXPECT_EQ_INT(writer_result, thrd_success);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(ctx->receiver_done);
+
+  close(p[0]);
+  pipeline_context_receiver_destroy(ctx);
+}
+
 /* Test that write_thread completes cleanly when queue signals done */
 static void test_write_thread_done() {
   Config* cfg = config_create();
@@ -223,6 +258,7 @@ void test_multiprocessing() {
   test_receiver_fd_zero();
   if (!is_running_under_valgrind()) {
     test_receive_thread_finished();
+    test_receive_thread_failure_wakes_writer();
   }
   test_write_thread_done();
 }

tests/test_queue.c

@@ -56,6 +56,11 @@ static void test_queue_basic() {
   queue_destroy(q);
 }
 
+static void test_queue_rejects_invalid_capacity() {
+  EXPECT_NULL(queue_create(0, NULL));
+  EXPECT_NULL(queue_create(-1, NULL));
+}
+
 static void test_queue_resize() {
   Queue* q = queue_create(3, NULL);
   EXPECT_NOT_NULL(q);
@@ -199,6 +204,7 @@ static void test_queue_multithreaded() {
 
 void test_queue() {
   test_queue_basic();
+  test_queue_rejects_invalid_capacity();
   test_queue_resize();
   test_queue_destroyer();
   test_queue_multithreaded();

tests/test_server.c

@@ -171,10 +171,26 @@ static void test_receive_files_abort() {
   }
 }
 
+static void test_receive_manifest_rejects_traversal() {
+  Config* cfg = config_create();
+  EXPECT_NOT_NULL(cfg);
+  cfg->receive_root_directory = str_dup("/tmp/dst");
+  int p[2];
+  EXPECT_EQ_INT(socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, p), 0);
+  io_set_fds(p[0], p[1]);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(send_int(p[1], 1));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(send_str(p[1], "../outside"));
+  EXPECT_EQ_INT(receive_manifest(p[0], cfg, NULL), -1);
+  close(p[0]);
+  close(p[1]);
+  config_delete(cfg);
+}
+
 void test_server() {
   if (!is_running_under_valgrind()) {
     test_receive_files_finished();
     test_receive_files_single_file();
     test_receive_files_abort();
+    test_receive_manifest_rejects_traversal();
   }
 }