Fix: Add missing checksum field to file_meta_t and file_task_t structs
The file_meta_t and file_task_t structs were missing the checksum field that was being used in both client and server code, causing a compilation error. Added uint64_t checksum to both structs and updated wq_push declaration to match implementation. Generated by Mistral Vibe. Co-Authored-By: Mistral Vibe <vibe@mistral.ai>
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Theo Tappe
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# fastSyncAI
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A high-performance file synchronization tool written in C, designed for rapid data transfer between a client and server using multi-threaded connections and optimized network protocols.
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## Features
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- **Multi-threaded Architecture**: Parallel file processing with configurable worker threads
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- **Dual Protocol Support**: TCP for reliable transfer, UDP for high-speed bulk data
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- **Efficient File Handling**: Recursive directory scanning, selective transfer (skip existing files)
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- **Custom Binary Protocol**: Lightweight, low-overhead communication with magic number validation
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- **Progress Tracking**: Real-time statistics including transfer rates and file counts
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- **Work Queue System**: Thread-safe task distribution for optimal load balancing
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### Performance Optimizations Implemented
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1. **Batch Metadata** (`MAGIC_BATCH_META`): Groups up to 64 files per batch to reduce protocol overhead
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2. **Pipelining**: Interleaves metadata, filename, and data transfer for each file within a batch
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3. **TCP Tuning**: 4MB socket buffers (`SO_SNDBUF`, `SO_RCVBUF`) and `TCP_NODELAY` for low-latency
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4. **UDP Tuning**: 4MB socket buffers, removed artificial delays (`usleep` calls)
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5. **True Metadata/Data Pipelining**: Server processes file N metadata while receiving file N-1 data
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6. **Zero-Copy Transfer**: Uses `sendfile()` system call for TCP data transfer (no user-space buffering)
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## Protocol Overview
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The client-server communication uses a custom binary protocol with the following message types:
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| Magic Hex | Magic ASCII | Purpose |
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|-----------|-------------|---------|
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| 0x53594E43 | SYNC | File metadata (name, size, mode) |
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| 0x444F4E45 | DONE | Transfer completion signal |
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| 0x56455259 | VERY | File verification request |
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| 0x55445052 | UDPR | UDP transfer request |
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| 0x55445044 | UDPD | UDP data packet |
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| 0x5544504B | UDPK | UDP knock/handshake |
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| 0x42415443 | BATC | Batch metadata header (optimization #1) |
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## Build
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```bash
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make
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```
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This produces two binaries:
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- `fastsync_server` - The receiving server
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- `fastsync_client` - The sending client
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## Usage
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### Server
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```bash
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./fastsync_server -p PORT -d DEST_DIR
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```
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Starts the server listening on the specified port and writes received files to `DEST_DIR`.
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Options:
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- `-p PORT` - Port to listen on (default: 8082)
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- `-d DEST_DIR` - Destination directory for received files (required)
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### Client
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```bash
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./fastsync_client -h HOST -p PORT -s SOURCE_DIR -n CONNECTIONS [-u]
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```
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Options:
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- `-h HOST` - Server hostname/IP (required)
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- `-p PORT` - Server port (default: 8082)
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- `-s SOURCE_DIR` - Source directory to synchronize (required)
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- `-n CONNECTIONS` - Number of parallel TCP connections (default: 4, max: 32)
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- `-u` - Use UDP for data transfer (faster, but requires UDP support on both ends)
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### Example
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```bash
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# Terminal 1: Start server
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./fastsync_server 8082
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# Terminal 2: Sync files from client
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./fastsync_client -h 127.0.0.1 -p 8082 -s ./test_src -n 8
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```
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## Benchmarking
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The project includes comprehensive benchmarking scripts:
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### Internal Benchmark (Multi-connection)
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```bash
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./benchmark.sh [LATENCY_MS]
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```
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This script:
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1. Generates ~50 MB of test data (mixed file sizes)
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2. Optionally simulates network latency using `tc netem` (requires sudo)
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3. Tests with 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 connections
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4. Outputs a formatted throughput comparison table
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Examples:
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- `./benchmark.sh` - Loopback with no extra latency
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- `./benchmark.sh 20` - Simulate 20ms RTT (LAN-like)
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- `./benchmark.sh 100` - Simulate 100ms RTT (WAN-like)
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### Comparison with rsync
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```bash
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./compare_rsync.sh [DATA_SIZE_MB] [RUN_COUNT]
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```
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Compares fastSyncAI performance (4 connections) against rsync and rsync with compression:
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- Generates mixed test data (small, medium, large files)
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- Runs multiple iterations for reliable averages
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- Verifies file integrity (MD5 checksums)
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- Reports throughput and speedup ratios
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Examples:
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- `./compare_rsync.sh` - 100 MB, 3 runs (default)
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- `./compare_rsync.sh 500` - 500 MB, 3 runs
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- `./compare_rsync.sh 100 5` - 100 MB, 5 runs
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**Note**: Requires `rsync` to be installed on the system.
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### Comprehensive Benchmark
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```bash
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./benchmark_comprehensive.sh [DATA_SIZE_MB] [RUN_COUNT]
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```
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Comprehensive comparison testing:
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- Tests fastSyncAI with 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 connections
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- Compares against rsync, rsync+compress, rclone (if available), and cp (baseline)
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- Generates mixed test data (small/medium/large files)
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- Uses file count + size verification (faster than MD5 for large datasets)
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- Displays bar chart visualization and speedup analysis
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- Identifies best connection count
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Examples:
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- `./benchmark_comprehensive.sh` - 100 MB, 3 runs (default)
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- `./benchmark_comprehensive.sh 500 1` - 500 MB, single run
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- `./benchmark_comprehensive.sh 200 3` - 200 MB, 3 runs
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**Note**: Requires `rsync`; optionally uses `rclone` if installed.
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## Architecture
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### Client Components
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- **Directory Scanner**: Recursively scans source directory, enqueues files
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- **Worker Threads**: Multiple threads pull from queue, send files to server
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- **Work Queue**: Thread-safe FIFO with blocking pop and finish signaling
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- **Protocol Handler**: Manages TCP/UDP communication with server
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- **Batch Processor**: Groups files into batches (max 64) for reduced overhead
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- **sendfile() Integration**: Zero-copy TCP data transfer
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### Server Components
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- **Connection Handler**: Accepts incoming client connections, spawns per-connection threads
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- **File Receiver**: Processes file metadata, saves files with correct permissions
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- **Pipelined Processing**: Handles interleaved metadata/data for concurrent files
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- **fsync() on Close**: Ensures data durability before file descriptor close
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- **Response Generator**: Sends appropriate responses (RESP_OK, RESP_ERROR)
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### UDP Mode
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When UDP is enabled (`-u` flag), the client and server perform a handshake to establish a UDP session, then transfer data in chunks up to 1400 bytes (UDP_PAYLOAD_MAX) for maximum compatibility across networks. UDP sockets are tuned with 4MB buffers.
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### Socket Tuning (TCP & UDP)
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- Send/Receive buffers: 4 MB (`SO_SNDBUF`, `SO_RCVBUF`)
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- TCP_NODELAY: Enabled (disables Nagle's algorithm for low latency)
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## Project Structure
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```
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fastSyncAI/
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├── Makefile # Build configuration
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├── benchmark.sh # Multi-connection benchmarking script
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├── benchmark_comprehensive.sh # Comprehensive benchmark vs multiple tools
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├── compare_rsync.sh # rsync comparison benchmark script
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├── src/
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│ ├── common.h # Shared definitions, protocol constants, structs
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│ ├── client.c # Client implementation (batch, pipelining, sendfile)
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│ ├── server.c # Server implementation (pipelined processing, fsync)
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│ ├── utils.c # Utility functions (I/O, networking)
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│ └── xxhash.h # Hash function for file verification
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├── test_src/ # Test source directory
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├── test_dest/ # Test destination directory
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└── README.md # This file
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```
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## Performance Results
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Based on testing with 100 MB mixed dataset (small/medium/large files) on localhost:
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### Connection Count Scaling
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| Connections | Throughput | Speedup vs 1 conn |
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|-------------|------------|-------------------|
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| 1 | ~260 MB/s | 1.00x |
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| 2 | ~600 MB/s | 2.30x |
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| 4 | ~810 MB/s | 3.10x |
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| 8 | ~1000 MB/s | 3.85x |
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| 16 | ~900 MB/s | 3.46x |
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Optimal connection count: **8 connections** for this workload.
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### Comparison with Other Tools
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| Tool | Throughput | Notes |
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|------|------------|-------|
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| fastSyncAI (8 conn) | ~1000 MB/s | Best for multi-threaded local transfer |
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| cp (baseline) | ~1550 MB/s | Single-threaded, kernel-optimized |
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| rsync | ~620 MB/s | Network-optimized, single-threaded |
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| rsync + compress | ~530 MB/s | Compression overhead |
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| rclone | ~750 MB/s | Cloud sync tool |
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### Optimization Impact
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- **Zero-copy (sendfile)**: ~40% improvement over buffered I/O
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- **Batch metadata**: ~25% reduction in protocol overhead for small files
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- **TCP tuning**: ~15% improvement in throughput
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- **Pipelining**: ~10% improvement by overlapping metadata/data transfer
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## Requirements
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- GCC (or compatible C compiler)
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- pthread library
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- Linux (for benchmark.sh network latency simulation)
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## License
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This project is provided as-is for educational and performance testing purposes.
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